课件：哈医大精品课程脑外颅脑损伤.ppt

颅 脑 损 伤craniocerebral traumas哈医大一院神经外科 前言 颅脑损伤是常见的神经外科急症，常见：交通事故，生产事故，自然灾害，战争等，我科进行1200例手术其中1/3是外伤。 abstract Craniocerebral traumas are frequent in emergence cases. One third of the 1200 cases which were operated in our department each year. It is common in traffic accidents、productive accidents、war et al. the head injuries include scalp injury、 skull injury and brain injury. abstract They can occur singly or together. We must keep our eyes on the conditions that craniocerebral traumas occur together with other traumas in the body. The decisive factor for the prognosis is the degree of craniocerebral trauma. Of course，positive treatments are also very important. Vocabulary Craniocerebral adj 颅脑的 Trauma n 外伤 Scalp n 头皮 Skull n 头骨 Hematoma n 血肿 Subcutaneous adj 皮下的 Subperiosteal n 骨膜下 Subgaleal n 帽状腱膜下 Laceration n 裂伤 Vocabulary Avulsion n 撕裂伤 Fracture n 骨折 Linear adj 线行的 Commimuted adj 粉碎性的 Depressed adj 凹陷性的 Impact lesion n 冲击伤 Primary adj 原发的 Secondary adj 继发的 Cerebral concussion n 脑震荡 Vocabulary Contusion n 挫伤 Edema n 水肿 Retrograde amnesia n 逆行性遗忘 Intracerebral adj 脑内的 Neurogenic adj 神经原性的 Pulmonary adj 肺的 Delay vi 耽搁 颅脑损伤从外向里分为： 1、头皮损伤scalp injury 2、颅骨损伤skull injury 3、脑损伤brain injury 三者单独存在或合并存在。 第一节 头皮血肿 scalp hematoma 一、头皮血肿scalp hematoma 按解剖层次分： 1、皮下血肿subcutaneous：体积小，局部肿胀，疼痛。 2、帽壮腱膜下血肿 subgaleal hematoma：该层组织疏松，血肿大，蔓延全头部。 3、骨膜下血肿 subperiosteal hematoma 局限在一个颅骨范围内，以 骨缝为界。