课件：晕厥水沟.ppt

* Syncope is a relatively common problem that affects over 1 million people in the U.S. each year. Syncope accounts for 1 to 6% of hospital admissions and 3% of emergency room visits each year.1,2 The incidence of syncope is greater than 500,000 new patients per year. 1.National Disease and Therapeutic Index on Syncope and Collapse, ICD-9-CM 780.2, IMS America, 1997. 2. Blanc J-J, L’Her C, Touiza A, et al. Prospective Evaluation and Outcome of Patients Admitted for Syncope Over a 1-Year Period. Eur Heart J, 2002; 23: 815-820. 3.Day SC, et al. Evaluation and outcome of emergency room patients with transient loss of consciousness. Am J Med 1982;73:15-23. 4.Kapoor W. Evaluation and outcome of patients with syncope. Medicine 1990;69:160-175. * Multiple reports have examined the frequency with which syncope occurs in various populations. This slide provides an overview of such findings. In essence the frequency with which syncope is reported to have occurred in various study groups is approximately 20%. The basis for syncope would be expected to differ substantially among these groups. Younger patients will have a greater proportion of vasovagal syncope, whereas older individuals may reasonably be expected to have a higher likelihood of underlying structural heart disease, and hence a greater predilection to more worrisome etiologies. Brignole M, Alboni P, Benditt DG, et al. “Guidelines on Management (Diagnosis and Treatment) of Syncope. Eur Heart J 2001; 22: 1256-1306. * This slide provides a simple classification of the principal causes of syncope. This scheme lists the causes of syncope from the most commonly observed (Left) to the least common (Right). This ranking may be helpful in thinking about the strategy for evaluating syncope in individual patients. Within the boxes,the most common causes of syncope are indicated for each of the major diagnostic groups. The numbers at the bottom of each column provide an approximate value for the average f