管件电磁缩径成形仿真分析及工艺参数设计-材料加工工程专业论文.docxVIP

华 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 I I 摘 要 电磁脉冲成形是一种高速率成形方法，利用储能电容放电产生脉冲磁场来成形工 件。成形过程涉及到电磁学、塑性动力学和摩擦学等方面的知识，使得该成形过程的 工艺参数设计很复杂。本文通过建立管件电磁缩径成形耦合模型，对管件成形的影响 因素及工艺参数设计进行了研究。 电磁成形过程中，电磁力大小与应力分布状态是影响成形效果的重要因素，研究 它们随时间的变化有利于提高工件的成形效果。本文利用有限元软件 ANSYS 建立电 磁场和结构场的耦合模型，分析管件电磁缩径的成形过程，得到管件上电磁力及等效 应力的分布状态。 本文利用耦合模型研究了在放电能量一定的条件下，放电频率对管件电磁缩径成 形性能的影响，并得到最优频率的范围；建立电磁场-温度场的顺序耦合模型，分析了 成形过程中焦耳热导致工件温度的变化与放电频率关系。 针对电磁成形的工艺参数设计复杂的特点，本文利用正交试验设计方法综合研究 放电频率、线圈长度和放电电压三个因子对工件最大位移值的影响。对仿真实验结果 进行了极差和方差分析，得到最优工艺参数组合；根据正交试验的结果，学习训练 BP 神经网络得到最大位移值的预测值。并且预测结果的精度满足要求，为电磁成形 工艺参数的设计提供了一种简便低成本的方法。 关键词：电磁成形，应力分布，耦合模型，放电频率，温度，正交试验, 神经网络， II II Abstract Electromagnetic pulse forming, shaping metal by pulse magnetic field which generate by reservoir capacitance, was one of high velocity forming method. Processing had in- volved magnetic, plastic dynamics and tribology knowledge. Making the design of forming process parameters was more complex. The impact of the tube forming the design factors and process parameters were studied by establishment of tube necking forming electro- magnetic coupling model. Study the electromagnetic force and stress distribution, which were most important factor in the effect of forming in the process, changes over time help to get better quality. Both of them were simulated by electromagnetic and forming coupled model which was establish by finite element software ANSYS in the tube necking process. The effect of discharge frequency on the forming of electromagnetic tube necking was studied by coupled model when energy under certain conditions and got optimal frequency range in the paper. Then electromagnetic-thermal sequence coupled model had created to analyze the related of frequency and temperature change that caused by Joule heating. Because of the electromagnetic forming process design was complex. Orthogonal de- sign method was utilized to synthetically study the impact of three factors, frequency, length of coil and voltage, on the maximum displacement. The optimal combination