免疫球蛋白G在胎盘组织亚细胞结构的分布及功能预测-病理学与病理生理学专业毕业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 免疫球蛋白 G 在胎盘组织亚细胞结构的分布及功能预测 Ultrastructural distribution of immunoglobulin G in human placenta and functional implications 摘 要 胎盘是母亲怀孕时保护胎儿免受感染和母亲免疫排斥的特殊器官。我们早期研究发现 胎盘滋养层细胞可以合成免疫球蛋白 G（IgG），本研究进行深入探讨，致力于研究免疫球 蛋白（IgG，IgM 和 IgA），IgG 受体（包括 FcRn 和 FcγRШ）和补体蛋白在胎盘滋养层的 亚细胞定位。另外，我们通过巢式 PCR 研究了原代培养滋养层细胞的 IgG 重链 IGHG1、 重组激活基因 RAG1 和 RAG2 以及 AID（活化诱导胞嘧啶核苷脱氨酶）的 mRNA 表达情 况。从而进一步确证滋养层细胞有产生免疫球蛋白 G 的现象。在超微结构水平，IgG 蛋白 主要定位于胎盘合体滋养细胞胞浆内的两种结构中：一种是低点子密度的内涵体，一种是 中等电子密度的含有免疫复合物的结构。这种特征性的 IgG 分布提示，可能在合体滋养层 细胞中母亲来源的 IgG 可能有两种不同的处理方式：一种是受体结合的从母体转运给胎儿 的 IgG，一种是与胎盘产生的 IgG 反应并形成复合物的 IgG。后者可能使得母亲来源的抗 父亲 MHC IgG 被中和，从而保护胎儿免受母亲免疫系统的排斥。 关键词：亚细胞定位，免疫球蛋白，补体，胎盘 Abstract The placenta is known to protect the fetus from infection and maternal rejection. In a previous study, we demonstrated that placental trophoblasts can synthesize immunoglobulin G (IgG). In this study, we investigated the distribution of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM and IgA), IgG receptors (FcRn and FcγRШ) and complement proteins in placental trophoblasts at the ultrastructural level. In addition, we studied the mRNA expression of IgG1 heavy chain (IGHG1), recombination activating gene 1 (RAG1), RAG2, and activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) with nested RT-PCR in primary cultured trophoblasts. The mRNA transcripts of IGHG1, RAG1, RAG2 and AID were all identified in primary trophoblasts, further establishing the IgG producing capacity of trophoblasts. At the ultrastructural level IgG was found distributed in two distinct locations in syncytiotrophoblasts, i.e. in endosomes and medium-electron dense structures containing immune complexes. This characteristic distribution suggests that IgG is likely processed through two molecular mechanisms in syncytiotrophoblasts: receptor-bound transportation across the syncytiotrophoblast and formation of immune complexes with locally placenta-produced IgG. The latter mechanism might be aimed at neutralizing detrimental maternal anti-paternal MHC antibodies, and provide a fetomater