黄土沟坡重力侵蚀的触发、过程与敏感性分析-水文学及水资源专业论文.docxVIP

黄土沟坡重力侵蚀的过程、触发与敏感性分析Gravity 黄土沟坡重力侵蚀的过程、触发与敏感性分析 Gravity erosion on the steep loess slope：Behavior，trigger and sensitivity Abstract Gravity erosion on gully slope is all important component of soil loss on the Loess Plateau． The research of gravity erosion process has four outstanding difficulties：difficult to observe， difficult to test，difficult to model and difficult to verify．By analyzing and comparing the gravity erosion test results ofrainfall simulation experiments on the indoor and field loess gully model，the gravity erosion in the Loess Gully Slope were classified and the sensitivity of influence factors were quantified．The main studying contents are as follows： (1)111e development process of gravity erosion in gully slope is deeply explored．Based on the movement mechanism of gravity erosion，moisture content and accumulation，the gravity erosion triggered by rainfall in the Loess Gully Slope is divided into landslide，collapse and mud．As the slopes were eroded with five runs ofrainfalls each at an amount of48 Innl，the total．volume of avalanche，landslide，and mudslide were 1 50．9，82．5，and 3．9x1 03cm3／m，and their maximum individual amounts were 136．4，71．1 and 5．1 x103cm3，respectively．m amount ofavalanche，landslide，and mudslide accounted for 62，36，and 2％ofthe total gravity erosion in a rainfall experiment ofthe model test．The experiment results show that the quantity of soil loss caused by avalanche and landslide Was much more than that caused by mudslide， and the avalanche Was the most violent gravity erosion．As a result，avalanche and landslide， especially the former，played a crucial role of soil erosion on steep slope compacted by hand with loess． (2)The increase-rate—analysis method presented by the authors Was used to evaluate variations in the gravity erosion with respect to changes in other causal parameters of rainfall duration-intensity and slope height-gradient．Climate-driven factors and topography triggers had prominent influences on gravity erosion．With