硕士生物仪器分析之气相色谱课件.pptVIP

气相色谱 Gas Chromatography (GC);简介 特点 基本理论 仪器流程及主要部件 应用 发展趋势;Chromatography;Gas Chromatography;Gas Chromatography (GC) is now a mature analytical tool particularly useful in the analysis of volatile and thermally stable analytes.;气相色谱可用来分析能瞬间气化且不分解的、沸点350℃的稳定的物质。 被广泛应用于环境样品中污染物的分析、药品质量检测、天然产物成分分析、食品中农药残留量测定、工业产品质量控制等领域，也可用于科研及常规分析。 在药物分析中，GC主要用于原料药及制剂的鉴别与含量测定，残留有机溶剂的检查。;In the animation below the red molecules are more soluble in the liquid (or less volatile) than are the green molecules. ;Basic principle;色谱术语和流出曲线;色谱柱的分离效能指标; （1）高柱效，高分离度 （2）高柱效，低分离度 （3）低柱效，低分离度 （4）低柱效，高分离度;因素;; ;涡流扩散项A ;两个组分完全分离的条件;GC system – 原理 ;分配系数的差异是所有色谱分离的实质性的原因;组分能否分开，关键在于色谱柱； 分离后组分能否鉴定出来则在于检测器；;Column;组成 　　 ;GC system – Oven;GC system – Carrier Gas;手动进样;GC system – Columns;Since these high efficiency columns also lead to higher resolutions, this technique is often referred as High Resolution Gas Chromatography (HRGC).;GC system - Detector; ;on the left an open mass spectrometer and on the right an open gas chromatograph ;GC system - 操作规程;色谱分析标准中通常规定进样规则： ;GC system - Quantity;色谱定量分析常用的方法;;Application;Chromatogram of petrol;Chromatogram of petrol;Chlorinated Pesticides in Water;GC analysis of a complex mixture of natural fatty acids (as the methyl ester derivatives) on packed columns with EGSS-X? and EGSS-Y? as stationary phases;Separation of cis- and trans-isomers of 18:1 on a packed column (6 m x 2 mm i.d.) containing 15% OV-275? on Chromosorb PAW-DCMS? (100-120 mesh), Helium was the carrier gas and the operating temperature was 220oC; with a WCOT column (100 m x 0.25 mm) coated with SP-2560?, with hydrogen as the carrier gas and at a temperature of 175oC.;Method 1 - the enzymatic (using ultraviolet light) – hospitals or clinics;Method 2 -- infrared light as used in the Intoxilyzer breath testing machines – law enforcement agencies on breath specimens ;Method 3 -- gas chromatography to analyze the alcohol in human blood – forensic (法