技术进步、产业升级对碳金融需求的影响分析-金融学专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 气候变化是 21 世纪人类面临的复杂挑战之一,从 1992 年《联合国气候变化 框架公约》(UNFCCC)的签订,到 2005 年东京议定书的实施,再到后京都时代以艰 难协商为开端,一个覆盖国际政治,经济,技术,环境等方面的国际气候系统已然 形成,且在持续不断的演变过程中.2009 年末,随着哥本哈根会议的召开,节能减 排成为全球共识,对于气候与环境问题的国际关注达到了前所未有的新高度,低 碳经济的加速发展正是大势所趋，节能减排成为了各个国家发展的首要目标。要 实现节能减排主要有技术进步和产业升级两种方式。本文先从理论上，对技术进 步和产业升级现状进行分析，从碳排放量角度剖析了不同行业企业的碳排放量差 别，再通过实证方法，建立柯布道格拉斯生产函数模型，加入技术进步、产业升 级和碳排放量这三种因素，分析三者之间的关联，得到结论：在节能减排的终极 目标之下，由于技术进步和产业升级能够对各不同行业企业之间产生碳排放权交 易需求，因而应当顺应市场的发展趋势，建立全国性的碳排放权交易市场，从碳 金融的角度促进碳排放权交易的合理有序进行，促进经济平稳转型。 关键词：技术进步，产业升级，碳排放权交易，碳金融 II II Abstract Climate change is one of the complex challenges for human-beings in the 21st century .Since the signing of the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) , the implementation of the Tokyo Protocol in 2005 , and the tough negotiation beginning on the post-Kyoto era , an international climate system that covers politics, economy , technology, environment and other aspects has already been set , and has been developing . At the end of 2009, the meeting of Copenhagen conference emphasizes the energy conservation as a global consensus, and the international attention on climate and environmental issues touches an unprecedented new level. The accelerating development of low-carbon economy is the trend; energy conservation becomes a primary goal for every country. There are mainly two ways to achieve energy conservation: technological progress and industrial upgrading. This paper begins with theory on the technological progress and industrial upgrading, analysis the difference on carbon emissions between different industries and enterprises , with the empirical analysis method , set the Cobb-Douglas model that contains the technological progress, industrial upgrading and carbon emission , find their connection ,then draw a conclusion : under the ultimate goal of energy conservation, technological progress and industrial upgrading result in the different carbon emissions demand between different industries .We should follow the d