北京大学计算概论课件第六讲 变量与数据类型.pptVIP

Lesson 6 Getting Started in C Programming Hu Junfeng 2007/10/10 index The essential components of a language A general structure of a C program Identifier Data type Arithmetic expression and variable Displaying Numerical Values VC60 IDE and common compiling errors What makes a language a language Symbol – word - sentence Morphology, word formation rules Syntax a systematic, orderly arrangement Grammar The system of inflections, syntax, and word formation of a language General Structure of a C Program /* A first program in C */ #include stdio.h void main() { ????printf(Hello world, I came!); printf(I saw!); printf(I conquered!); ??? } The main() Function Data Types a set of values Encoding/decoding Space allocated a set of operations that can be applied to these values Built-in data type: is provided as an integral part of the language; also known as primitive type Data Types (continued) Encoding /decoding ASCII integer (short; long) unsigned float (double) Storage byte; word; words Operations: +, -, *, / ,mod Data Types (continued) Integer Data Types int: whole numbers (integers) For example: 0, -10, 253, -26351 Not allowed: commas, decimal points, special symbols char: stores individual characters (ASCII) For example: A, $, b, ! Data types (bit pattern)  —— integer, unsigned Data types (integer type) Integer Data Types (continued) Integer Data Types (char) Integer Data Types (continued) Floating-Point Data Types A floating-point value (real number) can be the number zero or any positive or negative number that contains a decimal point For example: +10.625, 5., -6.2, 3251.92, +2 Not allowed: commas, special symbols float: single-precision number - one word double: double-precision number - two words Exponential Notation (continued) Floating-Point Data Types (cont.) float literal is indicated by appending an f or F long double is created by appending an l or L 9.234 indicates a double literal 9.234f indicates a float lite