民法本位初探-法律专业毕业论文.docxVIP

民法本位初探摘要 民法本位初探 摘要 民法本位的问题属于法哲学的范畴，而哲学问题都是有关 “人”的问题，因而关于民法本位的探讨也必然围绕“人”而展 开。民法本位指的是民法以何为出发点和归宿，其体现何种价值 准则。民法作为与民众生活最为贴近的法律，最具有生活的品格。 它以满足人的需要为出发点和归宿，以丰富人的品格内涵为指导 思想，以关心人、成就人作为最高价值准则，此即为以人为本的 民法所体现的权利本位。学界关于此问题的研究很不深入，泛泛 地套用法律进化论：从义务本位到权利本位再到社会本位；并且 相关论述相互交叉，概念也未厘清。笔者以为这种思维定式是有 问题的，因为任何一种法律制度设计必然是从满足社会主体的一 定的需要出发，因而所有问题都必须从其本源探究，才有可能得 到根本解决。本文将法律本位问题置于更为广阔的理论背景之下， 从法学、社会学、经济学、哲学等学科出发，多角度、多层次考 察该问题，并最终论证了民法必然以人为本，即民法以权利为本 位。 关键词：民法本位 义务本位社会本位权利本位 民法本位初探Abstract 民法本位初探 Abstract The discussion about the problem of the standard of civil law iS part of the category of legal philosophy,because the problems of philosophy are all about‘person’，the discussion about the standard of civil law certainly is operated around“person”．The civil law standard means that civil law depends on what to be the start—point and destination and it expresses what kind of value criterion．As the closest law to dailing life，civil law is rich of living nature，it regards to satisfy people’S need as start-point and destination，to widen people’S character as guiding theory，to care and prove people as the highest value norm，all of the above are the fight standard of civil law which regards person as basis．The theory researches about the problem are not very deep，they just normally use simple legal evolutional theory，considering it deriving from obligation standard to right standard then developing to society standard；and the related discussions intersect with each other and concepts have not been clarified．The writer considers the thinking method is irrational．Any kind of law is designed to satisfy the need of social subjects，SO all discussions about the problem must be set about from its derivation， then it’S possible to solve them essentially．The article discusses legal standard on a wider theory background and investigates the problem from various sciences of law,sociology,economy,philosophy， various angles and various levels，then proves that civil law inevitably regards person as basis，tha