美国与北约的改造-国际关系专业毕业论文.docxVIP

y y 66502 l 摘 要 冷战结束后，国际形势发!卜了巨大变化，北约作为冷战的产物，其身份、地 位、作用和去酎问题一度引起国际社会的广泛关注。但以后的事实证明，北约不 仅度过了冷战结束之初的生存危机，而且其发展势头与冷战时相比有增无减。为 何北约能够获得如此人的生存空间?要研究这个问题，必须把研究对象指向北约 盟主美国。冈为正足在美围的主导下，北约／j暂时度过了生存危机，并获得新生。 本文将主要从美国对北约政策的角度，探讨冷战后北约的改造及由此引起的相关 问题。 论文首先回顾了冷战期间美国与北约的火系，然后重点论述了冷战后美国对 北约的改造。内容包括冷战的终结Lj北约前途之争、美国划北约的改造和“9·11” 以后的北约等j部分。文章认为，北约的改造是冷战后丌始、至今仍在持续的 个进程；扩大是北约改造的个重要方面，美圈是北约改造的手要推动者。 北约通过改造获得新牛，但扩大后的北约并没有完全走上美同所设计的道 路。由于成员众多，决策复杂，未来北约的作用将会受到更多因素的制约。儿其 值得指出的是，北约的改造伴随了其内部的多极化趋势：以法德为首的“老欧洲” 依托欧盟的力量谋求刈美甲等地位；“新欧洲”同家对欧美奉行的平衡策略，成 为北约内一支独特的政治力量，伊拉克战争突出表现了这一趋势。展望未米，北 约多极化趋势将会使北约的有效存在越束越困难，并使其最终走向瓦解。 关键词：冷rltE店，美同，：{匕约改造，美欧关系 Abstract As a product 10ft behind Lhe Cold War，NATOs identity，status，function and subsistence has bccn a 臼cus attractmg 甘le international society in the early 19908. But Facts in that period show that NATO survived and remained a continuing development momentum.NATOs rebirth attributes to the United States，its main leader，who plays a dominating role in NATOs transfonnation. On the baS of the u.spolicy towards NATO，tbis thesis tries to make a research on NATOs transfomlation and derivative issues. Thi5 thesis first runs back over the U.S. and NATO relationship during the Cold Wand then atiaches the rnost imptance to ?1e U.S. role in transforming NATO after the Cold War. The mn body includes: the ending of the Cold War leads to the inconsistcncy bctwecn America and its European ally on NATOs futnre，Amcricas transfonlling policy towards NATO ，and NATO after 由e 911 Incidcnt ，etc Th?s thesis tries to i11ustrate that it is Ametica that advances and promotes NATO\ recoηsuction， involving its strategy transform ion and member enlargement ，which is a continuing process till now. However，the rebui1t and explded ATO cannot completely measure up to }\..mericas desigll Juainly because of the mullipolary lrend in NATO. NATOs trallsforrnation and enlargernent [e5ulls in tan吕lesome dision-mak:ing system，which obviously mak.e NATOs 扎.m ct.lon rcstnctcd.