民事上诉审中发回重审事由研究-民事诉讼法专业毕业论文.docxVIP

摘要 摘要 I I II II 摘 要 作为民事案件上诉审程序的结案方式，发回重审是连接初审和上诉审的桥 梁。发回重审事由是发回重审的适用标准和法定依据。总结各国立法例，民事 上诉审发回重审事由的设置以当事人的审级利益和辩论权的实现为价值基准， 并与上诉模式密切相关。但是，我国民事上诉审发回重审事由具有立法与司法 的双重缺陷，审级制约机制缺失，当事人的程序参与、监督权得不到有效保障， 导致二审法官的发回重审权几乎不受制约。在审判管理背景下，片面强化程序 监督原则，过度重视绩效指标，使得发回重审事由偏离了程序功能的初衷，沦 为审判管理的工具。由于我国法院的职权化和行政化倾向，加之发回重审裁判 文书说理性不足，一件件发回案件成为各方博弈的场域，发回重审与否在具体 适用中脱离了发回事由的制约，反而是法官根据个人实际工作负担、抗压能力、 终审掌握权的愿望、私人关系等因素综合衡量的结果。发回重审事由在司法适 用中呈现出不按法定事由发回、随意发回，发回重审事由的滥用和错用等适用 变形的现象。鉴于此，我国民事上诉审发回重审事由有重新审视和理性构建的 必要。 本文运用了规范研究与实证研究相结合的方法，首先简要概述了民事上诉 审发回重审事由的基本理论，然后评述了我国相关立法现状，并以样本数据为 切入点，深入剖析了发回重审事由在司法适用中存在的问题和原因。最后，通 过借鉴他国立法经验，在确立发回重审事由指导原则的前提下，提出以修正发 回重审事由、注重发回重审裁判理由的阐明、建立配套制度的路径完善发回重 审事由的适用。期望通过上诉立法和司法的双重路向，形成诉权和审判权的良 性互动。 关键词：民事上诉审 发回重审 事由 Abst Abstract Abst Abstract III III PAGE PAGE VI Abstract As one of the final way in appellate procedure for civil action, the remand connects the original trial to the appeal trial. The remand subject plays the role of Standardization and statutory basis. Summarizing the legislative cases in the current world, in respect of its structure, it is related to realize the debating right and the trial-level interests of the parties, the mode of appeal as well. Whereas, due to the double defects of legislation and judicial practice for the remand subject in our country, it lead to preserve party interest and participation hardly, supervision in procedure inconveniently, easy to abuse the discretion in trial procedure. Under the background of trial management, it often strengthens supervision principles on one-side in procedure and emphasizes on performance indicators too much .In this sense, the remand subject deviates from the procedure functions to become trial management tools. Owing to the administrative and powerful tendency in our courts, together with the written verdict lacked of rationality, a piece of the case remanded may be a game field which attracts parties related. Weather it is remanded, it is out of the control of subject in a specific application. Practic