美国FTA中的环境条款分析-法律学专业毕业论文.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE 5 The second part: The brief process of development of environmental provisions of U.S. FTAs. The process of development is divided into four stages, NAFTA is the cornerstone, the U.S. - Jordan FTA is a breakthrough, since the U.S. - Singapore FTA to the U.S. - Oman FTA is a stage of stable development of environmental provisions, and from the United States - Peru Trade Promotion Agreement begin that American paradigm basically formed. The third part: The substantiality of environmental provisions of U.S. FTAs. The substantiality of environmental provisions is divided into six elements: objectives, general commitments, levels of protection, relationship to environmental agreements and enforcement of environmental laws. The fourth part: The procedural mechanisms of environmental provisions of U.S. FTAs. The comprehensive procedural mechanisms are dispute settlement with strong executive power, the domestic legal procedures, and “soft law mechanisms” such as public participation mechanism. The fifth part: The impact of environmental provisions of U.S. FTAs and its implications for China. This part is divided into two sections. Firstly, explore the impact of the environmental provisions of U.S. FTAs to the Parties of FTAs, non-Parties, and WTO; Secondly, in terms of learning American experience and on the basis of Chinas actual situation, make recommendations on the incorporation environmental provisions into the China FTAs, including the preparation, the principle of the construction and the specific content of the provisions. Key words：United States；FTA；Environment 目 录 引 言 7 一、美国 FTA 中纳入环境条款的动因 9 TOC \o 1-2 \h \z \u （一）以 FTA 形式推动 WTO 贸易与环境问题的谈判 9 （二）美国偏好综合性 FTA 的政策导向 10 （三）FTA 中纳入环境条款的利益驱动 11 二、美国 FTA 环境条款的发展脉络 14 （一）美国 FTA 环境条款的基石 14 （二）美国 FTA 环境条款的突破 14 （三）美国 FTA 环境条款的稳定发展期 15 （四）美国 FTA 环境条款范式的形成 16 三、美国 FTA 环境条款中的实体性规定 16 （一）目标17 （二）一般性承诺19 （三）环境保护水平20 （四）与多边环境协定的关系21 （五）国内环境法律的执行与不减损义务24 四、美国 FTA 环境条款的程序性机制 28 （一）国内法律程序29 （二）软