美国高校教师的流动机制-比较教育学专业毕业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 摘 要 高水平的教师队伍是提升和保障高等教育质量的关键因素。教师流动是形成和建设 高水平教师队伍的重要途经和方式。由于长期奉行和实施高度集中的传统封闭式的师资 管理模式，我国高校教师的分布几乎长期处于停滞或区域性单向流动状态，导致高校教 师队伍明显断层、骨干教师和学科带头人短缺，新老骨干教师交替无序、学科结构不平 衡，高校办学力量两极分化等问题，成为严重制约我国高校教师队伍优化发展与建设的 瓶颈。 历经长期的探索、建设与积累，美国高校形成了教师队伍开放化建设模式和有效的 流动机制。各大学积极创造优厚的待遇条件，设置合理的职位分类体系，通过聘辞、任 期、绩效等一系列机制，激励、推动和保障高校教师的积极流动，有效地促进了高校教 师队伍质量的改善和提高，其经验对我国高校教师队伍流动机制的创设有一定的借鉴参 考价值。 本文运用比较教育学的国别专项研究框架和文献法，在科学明确美国高校教师流动 基本理念的基础上，对美国高校教师流动机制的历史演进、环境条件、运行现状和影响 效能进行了系统探讨，最后针对我国高校教师队伍流动机制存在的问题，概括了具有启 示和借鉴价值的几条结论性意见。 关键词 美国 高校教师 流动机制 II II Abstract Abstract High levels of teachers in higher education are key factors to enhance and guarantee the quality. Teacher mobility is the important approach to form and construct high level of teachers. Due to long-term adherence and implement of high concentration of traditional teaching management mode, the distribution of university teachers is almost long-term stagnated in a one-way or regional flow state, and leads to university teacher obvious faults, backbone teachers shortages, new and old backbone teachers out-of-order, alternately subject structure imbalance. Such problems restrict seriously team optimization and development of college teacher. After long-term exploration, construction and accumulate, American university formed open construction mode and effective flow mechanism. Each university actively create favorable treatment conditions, establishing reasonable position classification system. American universities incent and promote and ensure the teachers positive mobility through the hire resigned, term, performance and a series of mechanism, and effectively improve the quality of university teachers. Its experience has some reference value to our college teacher mobility mechanism. This paper uses the comparative education research framework and country special literature, on the basic concept of American college teachers, discusses the history evolution of mobility mechanism, environmental conditions, running status and influence eff