控制理论基础毕业论文外文翻译.docVIP

第6章 英文资料翻译 6.1控制理论基础 Background of Control Theory (控制理论基础) System and Control Theory According to the Encyclopedia Americana, a system is “an aggregation or assemblage of things so combined by nature or man as to form an integral and complex whole” .Mathematical systems theory is the study, of the interruptions and behavior of such an assemblage of “things” when subjected to certain conditions or inputs. The abstract nature of systems theory is due to the fact that it is concerned with mathematical properties rather than the physical form of the constituent parts. 按照美国大百科全书的解释，所谓系统就是反映“一个各种物体的集合，根据其性质或人的愿望而结合起来以至形成一个集中、复杂的整体”。数学中的系统理论就是对这种由若干“物体”构成的集合当其受到某些条件和输入作用的行为和阻断进行研究的一门学问。系统理论的抽象性质源于这样一个事实：系统理论更关心物体组成部件的数学性质而不是其物理形式。 Control theory is more often concerned with physical application. A control systems is considered to be any system which exists for the purpose of regulating or controlling the flow of energy, information, money, or other quantities in some desired fashion. In more general terms, a control system is an interconnection of many components or functional units in such a way as to produce a desired result, in this book, control theory is assumed to encompass all questions related to design and analysis of control systems. 控制理论通常与实际应用有关。一般认为，控制系统是任意一个这样的系统：其目的是为了以某种期望的方式来调节或控制诸如能量、信息、资金等等牧师量的流动。从更一般的意义上讲，控制系统就是一个按照一定方式由很多元件或功能单元构成的结合体，其目的是为了获得期望的结果。本书中，假定控制理论包括所有与控制系统设计和分析问题有关的内容。 Fig.37.1 is a general representation of an open-loop control system. The input or control u(t) is selected based on the goals for the system and all available a priori knowledge about the system. The input is in no way influenced by the output of the system, represented by y(t).If unexpected disturbances act upon an open-loop system, or if its behavior is not completely understood, then the output will not behave precisely as expected. 图37。1是对开环控制系统的一般性表示。输入变量或控制作用U（T）是根据本系统的目标以及所有可获取的先验知识而选定的。输入变量决不会受到Y（T）所表示的系统输出变量的影响。如果有不期望的振动作用在开环系统上，或者如果其行为不能完全掌握的话，则该系统的输出就不会完全如预期般动作。