硫酸锌浸出液针铁矿法除铁研究-物理化学专业论文.docx

中南大学硕上学位论文 中南大学硕上学位论文 摘要 摘 要 与湿法炼锌浸出溶液除铁方法一黄钾(钠)铁矾法相比，针铁 矿法除铁具有除铁渣结晶体大，夹带有价金属少，容易过滤等优点， 但针铁矿法除铁过程中必须加入针铁矿晶种，才能有效地除铁。因此 针铁矿晶种的制备是针铁矿除铁的关键。 本文采用水热法、微波法、超声波法、相似晶体法等方法制备了 针铁矿晶种。实验发现：微波法、超声波法和相似晶体法制备晶种过 程不容易控制或者效果不明显；而80一11 O℃下采用水热法在酸性条件 下可成功制备出结晶很好的针铁矿晶种。由于水热法制备晶种受水热 设备的限制，无法满足工业所需大量晶种的要求，本文首次采用准均 相成核法结合积分反应器装置成功制备出了大量针铁矿晶种。 本文通过添加针铁矿晶种并采用自制的微分反应器装置从湿法 炼锌浸出液中除铁实验。实验考察了晶种添加量、体系pH值、中和 剂种类、成化等因素对除铁效果的影响。结果表明：在大量晶种存在 的情况下，pH值很低时，除铁后溶液含铁量为0．00649／L，除铁率为 99．74％；而没有晶种存在时，pH值很高的情况下，除铁后溶液中含 铁量为0．00919／L；通过探索不同中和剂对产物的影响，发现Na2C03 溶液和分析纯氧化锌调制的浆液为中和剂时，除铁产物的物相较纯， 当使用挥发窑氧化锌浆液调节酸度时，产物有铅铁矾，因此工业操作 不宜采用含不溶铁酸锌的焙砂来调节酸度。 关键词：针铁矿，晶种制备，针铁矿法，除铁 中南大学硕上学位论文 中南大学硕上学位论文 ABSTRACT AB STRACT Compare to jarosite process，goethite process owns many advantages for the removeal of ferric or ferrous ions，such as large crystal，less valuable metal lOSS．fi ltration．Ferric or ferrous ions Call be effectively moved by adding goethite crystal seeds，therefore，the preparaton of goethite crystal seed is very important． Suitable methods were selected to synthesize goethite，including hydrothermal synthesis，micro—wave synthesis，ultrasonic—wave synthesis， similar-crystal synthesis．Goethite crystal seed is successfully prepared via hydrothermal method in acidic solutions at 80 to 1 I O。C．It was suggested that large amount of goethite seeds could be produced by pseudo—homogeneous nucleation method with integral reaction apparatus to meet the mass demand of industry to remove ferric／ferrous ions from leaching solution in zinc hydrometallurgy． Differential reaction apparatus is firstly used to remove of ferrous／ferric from the leaching solution of zinc in hydrometallurgy by adding goethite crystal seeds．The effects of crystal seed，acidity, neutralizers and ageing were investigated．The experiment shows that the removal ratio of iron ions is over 99．7％in the existance of large amount of crystal seeds，and purified solution contains about O．00649／L iron ions when pH is 2．5．Contrarily,the removal ratio of iron ions is only 90％