锂离子电池新型电解液溶剂和添加剂的选择与应用-物理学专业论文.docxVIP

锂离子电池新型电解液溶剂和添加剂的选择与应用中文摘要 锂离子电池新型电解液溶剂和添加剂的选择与应用 中文摘要 I I 锂离子电池新型电解液溶剂和添加剂的选择与应用 中文摘要 锂离子电池电解液是连接正、负电极的桥梁，在电池内部起着传输离子的作用， 主要由锂盐、有机溶剂及添加剂组成。电解液的选择与电池的电压、容量、能量和 功率等密切相关。本文以锂离子电池电解液无机盐添加剂和氟化溶剂 TFPC 为研究 内容开展工作。研究内容主要涉及 AgPF6 和 CuTF 作为电解液添加剂对石墨电极 电化学性能的影响以及含 PC 和 TFPC 二元环状碳酸酯溶剂电解液体系对 5 V 锂离子电池的适用性。 AgPF6 和 CuTF 做添加剂加入商用电解液（1 M LiPF6/EC-DEC）中对石墨电极电 化学性能有明显的改善，包括充/放电容量升高，极化减小和倍率性能提高等。Ag+ 和 Cu2+在石墨表面电化学还原形成的银和铜纳米颗粒可均匀地分布在石墨电极表面。 这些金属纳米颗粒可以明显减小石墨电极的 SEI 膜和电荷-转移阻抗，提高锂离子脱/ 嵌动力学。 对 PC 和 TFPC 二元环状碳酸酯溶剂电解液体系进行系统研究。优化后的体 系 1 M LiPF6-TFPC/PC (1:2) 相比于传统 EC 基电解液，与石墨电极、LiFePO4 电极和 LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 电极具有更好的相容性，在循环性能或倍率性能方面均有提高。添加 适量的 TFPC 可以有效抑制 PC 对石墨结构的破坏作用，适量 PC 的加入可以有效降 低 TFPC 还原分解形成 SEI 膜的界面阻抗。优化后的电解液体系表现出良好的抗氧化 性能，与 5 V LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 正极具有良好的兼容性。 关键词：锂离子电池；电解液；无机盐添加剂；含氟溶剂 作 者：贠娇娇 指导教师：郑洪河 教授 ABSTRACTSele ABSTRACT Selection and application of new solvents and additives for lithium-ion battery electrolytes II II Selection and application of new solvents and additives for lithium-ion battery electrolytes ABSTRACT Lithium ion battery electrolyte, a bridge connecting the positive and negative electrode, plays the role of ion transport in the battery. It mainly consists of lithium salts, organic solvents and additives. The choice of the electrolyte is closely related to the voltage, capacity, energy and power of lithium ion batteries. In this paper, the research content is based on the inorganic additives and fluorinated solvents TFPC for lithium-ion battery electrolyte. The research work mainly involves the influence of AgPF6 and CuTF as electrolyte additives on the electrochemical performance of graphite electrode and a binary cyclic carbonates-based electrolyte containing propylene carbonate (PC) and trifluoropropylene carbonate (TFPC) for 5 V lithium-ion batteries. AgPF6 and CuTF as the additives into the commercial electrolyte (1 M LiPF6/EC-DEC) can significantly improve the electrochemical behaviors of graphite anode, including the higher discharge capacity, smaller electrode po