论中国检察权的性质、职能及构建-法律专业论文.docxVIP

Y Y 645818 论中国检察权的性质、职能及构建 中文提要 论中国检察权的性质、职能及构建 中文提要 法律监督，是宪法赋予检察机关的一项职能，它既是我国检察机关立足的 生命点，又是检察机关进行司法改革的出发点和落脚点。目前理论界、司法界 对中国检察权的性质一直争论不休，有行政权说、司法权说、准司法权说、法 律监督权说及双重属性说等等。不同的学说在实践中对中国检察机关改革的方 向产生了偏差，对检察机关的职能产生了误解。有人认为重在侦壹，有人认为 重在预防，还有人认为重在诉讼监督，有人认为重在法律监督。本文根据中国 现行的政治体制，结合中外各国检察制度的特点比较分析，从法学理论上求证 中国检察权的性质一一立法权派生出的法律监督权，本质上属于立法权；从中 国的国情和我国的司法实际出发，提出中国检察机关的职能应是一般法律监督 与诉讼监督的结合，履行全面法律监督的职能；根据中国检察权的性质、职能， 从监督效果和目的出发，构建了检察机关的上下垂直领导一体化体制，监督权 与行政权、司法权相分离的机构设置的思路。 关键词：检察权性质职能构建 作者：丁军青 导师：黄学贤(教授) 笙主璺丝窒壑塑丝堕：里熊墨塑蕉————————————————————』塞兰：!里0n 笙主璺丝窒壑塑丝堕：里熊墨塑蕉————————————————————』塞兰：!里 0n the Prosecutorial Power’S Nature，Function and ReconstructiOn in China Abstract In accordance with the Constitution，legal supervision is one of the functions and powers exercised by the People’S Procuratorates，upon which the Procuratorates’ operation as well as its judicial reform is based．However,at present both in the academic cirele and the bar,there exists various doctrines on the nature of prosecutorial power such as administrative power,judicial power,quasi-judicial power, legal super visional power,and dual attributes doctrines，which practically leads to the misunderstanding ofthe reform direction and the functions and powers ofthe People’S Procuratorates．Emphasis on investigation or prevention or litigious supervision or legal supervision varies from people to people．By comparing foreign and China’S prosecutorial legal systems based on China’S current political system，this paper concluded that theoretically and fundamentally,prosecutorial power in China is kind of legal supervision power,which comes within the category of legislative power． Proceeding from the actual situation of China and its judicial system，it is contended that China’S procuratorates shall exercise functions and powers of legal supervision combining general legal supervision with litigious supervision in an aIl。round way．It is also pointed out that WC shall adopt a vertical leadership mechanism among procuratorates at dif