《生理学》CHAPTER 1.INTRODUCTION.pptVIP

Chapter 1.Introduction Section I subjects studied in Physiology Concept of Physiology Physiology belongs a branch of biology What is Physiology? Physiology is the science of studying the functional activities and its mechanisms in biological body. For example: why can heart automatically beat? Physiology is also an experiment science .Why? the theories about the functional activities are based on the experiments British physiologist, William Harvey set up the modern physiology. Observed that blood flows in heart and vascular system. In 1628,Heart and movement of blood was published. It is the first book of physiology based on experiment. Field of Physiology Each type of life has its own functional characteristics. Physiology can be divided into viral physiology, bacterial physiology, cellular physiology, plant physiology, human physiology, and many more subdivisions. Human physiology is the science of studing the rule of physiological functions in human body. Animal experiments had become the main way to study physiology, why? Why must the medical students study human physiology? Medical science development is closely related to physiology. (1) The classical traditional chinese medicine textbook(内经)presented much knowledge about 经络 and 脏腑 to guide the medical practice. (2) Physiology provides the theories to explain many diseases. (3) Clinical practices test whether the physiological theories are correct or not and promote development of physiology. Investigation levels and methods physiology A) Investigation levels (1) Cell and Molecular level The basic living unit of the body is the cell, and each organ is an aggregation of many different cells held together by intercellular supporting structures. Cell level research to understand the function of the organ. The physiological characteristics of cells depend on the physical and chemical features of the big chemical molecules consisting of the cells. molecular level research to study the functions of c