商周时期女性地位探析-专门史专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 摘要 一代史学巨匠王国维在《殷周制度论》中指出：“中国政治与文化之变革，莫剧 于殷、周之际。”毫无疑问，殷周社会的进程演变对后世几千年的社会发展产生了深 远影响。而伴随着这一时期政治与文化的变革，女性的社会、家庭地位同样产生了 相应的变迁。本文主要论述了商周时期女性地位的状况及变化。文章基本结构如下： 第一章绪论介绍了本文选题的意义及价值,回顾了商周女性地位及地位变化的 学术史研究,并说明了研究方法。 第二章主要讨论了商代女性地位状况。首先介绍了商代女性生活的社会背景； 其次，从政治与宗教、经济、军事、婚姻及教育等方面，运用甲骨文、墓葬等资料 对商代女性地位进行了评述，并以商代女巫为例介绍了商代女性地位的变化。最后 指出商代女性地位较后代女性高的原因。 第三章为西周宗法制及其女性地位的研究。本章首先介绍了西周宗法制度的确 立；其次从政治与宗教、经济、军事、婚姻及教育等方面详细论证了宗法制对女性 地位的影响，并得出西周女性地位变化的原因。最后从“礼”的角度出发，阐述了 礼法对西周女性地位的影响。 第四章为春秋战国时期女性地位的研究。由于春秋时期社会出现了新变化，因 此本章不同于前两章，而是从政治、经济、社会生活等方面分别阐述了社会变革对 此时的贵族女性及平民女性的影响。之后简要总结了此时期女性地位多样性的原因， 最后简要介绍了儒家、道家、墨家及法家对女性地位的认识。 关键词：商周时期；女性；社会地位；女性观 Abstract In The discussion about systems of Yin and Zhou, Wang Guowei points that: The greatest changes of politics and culture in China, are the changes from Shang to Zhou Dynasty. Without doubt, the developments of Shang and Zhou Dynasties have great impacts on later thousands of years. With the changes of politics and culture in this period, women’s social and family status also changes accordingly. This thesis mainly describes women’s status and its changes during Shang and Zhou Dynasties. The thesis has four parts: The first part: Introduction. It introduces the significance of this thesis and summaries the studies on the status of women in Shang and Zhou Dynasties. It also introduces the research methods. The second part discusses the status of women in Shang Dynasty. Firstly, the social background of women who lived in Shang Dynasty is described. Then the social status is commented in the areas of politics, economy, military, marriage and education by using the references of the oracle inscriptions and grave. The witch is used as an example to illustrate the changes of women status in Shang Dynasty. Finally, the reasons for the higher status of women in that Dynasty than that of the following Dynasty are illustrated. The third part focuses on the patriarchal clan system and the women status in Western Zhou Dynasty. In this part, the patriarchal cla