论“罗斯福新政时期”的社会保障制度-宪法学与行政法学专业论文.docxVIP

II II Abstract Strictly speaking, it was in 1935 that the U.S. social security system began, marking with the promulgating of Social Security Act. Of all the programs Roosevelt Administration implemented during the New Deal, only the soc ial security system still plays an important role in economy development and social prosperity till now, becoming the stabilizer and safety net of American society. By analyzing how the Roosevelt Administration formulated the social security programs, this article aims to provide some useful lessons for our government to reform our social security system at the present stage. At the end of the 19th century and early 20th century, there occurred a significant change in American society, changing from the agr icultural society to industrial society, from the rural society to urban society. Finally, the whole social structure changed. The Laissez-faire had showed its deficiency gradually, so people turned to the government for help; The alteration of the economi c environment affected the social rights. The rights that people most desired for became the labor rights; The social gap between rich and poor was widening more and more, the sense of national identity among the members of society reduced, causing the social cohesion gradually shrunk. The changes of the three aspects showed that the exist social system was difficult to cope with the social dynamic development. In order to promote social transition, the timing for establishing a new system was coming. During the New Deal, at first the Roosevelt Administration focused on recovering economy. However, when confronting with large number of unemployed and homeless, the government had to convert their attention to the poverty, to ensure their basic living, to main tain social stability. The government provided direct relief，job creation and so on. All the measures not only created large amounts of work opportunities, but also drove the economy develop. However, the p