论公民环境权宪法保护-宪法学与行政法学专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 摘 要 随着社会经济的发展，全球性的环境污染问题日趋严重。环境权已经成为世界各国 普遍重视的问题，其中公民环境权已经被许多国家作为公民的一项基本权利加以保护。 我国宪法还未明确规定公民享有环境权，只是在宪法第 9 条和第 26 条中从国家责任的 角度提出了保护生活、生态环境，防治污染的问题。规定的过于原则，对公民环境权则 没有规定。因此从理论上探讨公民环境权宪法保护问题具有重要的现实意义。 本文一共分为五部分。第一部分，主要介绍环境权概念的宪法界定，以及环境权提 出的历史背景和环境权所具有的基本权利性质以及享有环境权的主体有哪些，主要进行 理论阐述。第二部分，介绍外国关于环境权的宪法保护，强调环境权在国际社会普遍由 宪法明确规定，以及对我国公民环境权保护的借鉴意义。第三部分，介绍我国环境权宪 法保护的现状以及存在的问题，在我国环境权尚未被宪法明确规定，同时指出宪法未规 定环境权不利于公民权利保护。第四部分，从宪法的内在要求、建立公民宪法诉讼的要 求、实现可持续发展和顺应环境权发展潮流的角度介绍环境权宪法保护的必要性。第五 部分，主要利用国外各国的实际经验与从我国的实际出发，进行大胆的设想。通过环境 权宪法确认、环境权宪法解释以及建立宪法诉讼制度三个方面进行环境权宪法保护的具 体构建。 关键词 公民环境权 宪法保护 公民基本权利 构建 II II Abstract Abstract With the development of society and economy ，global environmental pollution becomes an increasingly serious problem. Environmental rights has become a matter of concern countries in the world where environmental rights of citizens have been in many countries as a fundamental right of citizens to be protected. Chinas Constitution clearly stipulates that citizens enjoy the environment has not been right , but in the Article 9 of the Constitution and Article 26 of the proposed protection of life health, ecological environment , prevent pollution problems from the perspective of national responsibility. Prescribed too principles for environmental rights of citizens are not specified. Therefore has important practical significance theoretically investigate the constitutional right of citizens to protect the environment issue . This paper is divided into five parts altogether . The first part of the nature of fundamental rights , the Constitution defines introduces the concept of environmental rights , environmental rights and the historical background and environmental rights , and has raised the subject of environmental rights which enjoy major theoretical elaboration. The second part introduces foreign constitutional protection of environmental rights, environmental rights emphasize the international community generally clearly defined by the Constitution , and the rights