修翻译7年呼吸系统影像诊断学-肺结核.ppt

③ 干酪性肺炎 caseous pneumonia ： 机体抵抗力差，对结核菌高度过敏而形成，分大叶性和小叶性 Low resistance and hypersensitive to tuberculosis. Divide into lobar and lobular pneumonia. 大叶性呈肺段或大叶实变阴影，内有无壁空洞，其余部位可有播散病灶 Lobar pneumonia is high density lesion of segment or lobar and cavity without wall in it. Disseminatus lesions in other regions. 小叶性病灶呈小片状阴影，常与大叶性病灶同时存在 Lobular lesion is lobular shadow and coexist with lobar lesion 浸润型肺结核常见表现　　　　 结核球 浸润型肺结核（干酪性肺炎）平　　片　　　　　　　断层片 （4）慢性纤维空洞型肺结核（Ⅳ型）　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Chronic fibrocavitary pulmonary tuberculosis ①为各型结核恶化、好转与稳定交替发展而来的晚期肺结核 Late pulmonary tuberculosis by degeneration , improvement and stabilization of all tuberculosis 　　 ②X线、CT表现： ①纤维厚壁空洞 fibrotic thick wall cavitys ②肺内支气管播散病灶 disseminatus lesions of bronchi in pulmonary ③肺部纤维化病灶及纤维化引起的间接征象： fibrotic lesions in pulmonary and indirect sign caused by fibrosis肺门、肺纹理、纵隔向患区移位，患区肋间隙变窄等 hilus of lung,　marking of lung and mediastinal shift to affected side .narrowing of intercostal space of affected side. 　　　 慢性纤维空洞型肺结核　　平　　片　　　　　　　断　　层　　片 （5）胸膜炎（Ⅴ型） ①干性胸膜炎仅有患侧膈肌运动受限 phrenicmoto restricted of affected side of adhesive pleurisy ②渗出性胸膜炎见胸膜病变 it is obvious that pleura lesion in exudative pleurisy 游 离 性 胸 腔 积 液少 量 中 量 郑州大学第一附属 医院 呼吸系统影像诊断学 Imaging diagnostics of the Respiratory system （四）肺结核 Pulmonary tuberculosis: 1.临床特点：clinical characters （1）病原：pathogeny 人或牛结核杆菌 Bacillus tuberculosis or Bacillus tuberculosis bovis （2）病理：pathology ①结核菌侵入人体后引起的基本病理变化为: basic pathological change caused by tuberculosis 渗出及增殖 exudation and proliferation ②机体抵抗力低下时，病变则出现: pathological change of low resistance 干酪样坏死，液化及空洞形成caseous necrosis, colliquation and porosis. ③机体抵抗力强或经适当治疗后病灶：pathological change of low resistance or post -treatment吸收 absorption 纤维化 fibrosis 钙化 calcification 空洞瘢痕闭合或净化空洞 cavity close or asepsis cavity （3）分期: stages ①进展期：progression 新发现病灶，病灶扩大 new lesion and expansion 病灶边界变模糊 obscure border 出现空洞或空洞增大，痰结核菌阳性