第13课 机械冲击理论.pdf

Lesson 13 Mechanical Shock Theory 第13课机械冲击理论 Introduction  Throughout the distribution system, packages are manhandled and mishandled in various ways: dropped, thrown, kicked and otherwise roughly abused; fall from conveyors or forklifts and crash to the floor; subjected to a variety of vehicle impacts; trucks starting, stopping, hitting chuckholes and railroad crossings, railcar humping, jolting and other moderately violent actions; suffers an impact with another object ：floor, truck bed, pallet, bulkhead or another package.  A mechanical shock occurs when an objects position, velocity or acceleration suddenly changes. Such a shock may be characterized by a rapid increase in acceleration followed by a rapid decrease over a very short period of time.  Figure 13.1: the acceleration versus time plot for most shocks Figure 13.1 Representation of mechanical shock 222hhh vI 2gh ttt ggg A package shock may typically be 20 milliseconds (0.020 seconds) long and have a magnitude or height of 150 gs. need to know both the magnitude of the acceleration and the duration of the shock. The Free Falling Package  the length of time it takes a package to fall from a drop height, h 2 h t g  the downward velocity at which it will be traveling a moment before impact; , the impact velocity: vI 2gh  As is shown in Figure 13.2. A package will rebound a little or a lot depending on the nature of the package and the surface it hits. Figure 13.2 A falling