课件：C语言程指针.ppt

例 main() { int i = 5; int *ip = i; int *ipp = ip; printf(i = %d, **ipp = %d\n, i, **ipp); **c = 10; printf(i = %d, **ipp = %d\n, i, **ipp); } 例7.11 main() { int i; char *ptr[] = {Pascal,Basic,Fortran, Java,Visual C}; char **p; p = ptr; for (i=0; i5; i++) { printf(%s\n, *p); p++; } } ptr[0] Pascal ptr[1] ptr[2] ptr[3] Basic Fortran Java ptr指针数组 字符串 name Visual C ptr[4] 命令行参数 通过命令行参数，使用户可以根据需要来决定我们的程序干什么、怎么干 main(int argc, char* argv[]) 当你把main函数写成这样时 argc的值为程序执行时参数的数目（包括命令本身） argv[X]为指向每个参数的字符指针 这两个内设形参用于接收命令行参数 例7.12：演示命令行参数与main函数各形参之间的关系 main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int i; printf(The program name is:%s\n, argv[0]); if (argc 1) { printf(The other arguments are following:\n); for (i = 1; iargc; i++) { printf(%s\n, argv[i]); } } } argv[0] echo.exe argv[1] argv[2] argv[3] programming is fun ptr指针数组 字符串 name 动态分配内存 在stdlib.h 和alloc.h中均定义了下面的函数 void* malloc(unsigned int size); 向系统申请大小为size的内存块，把首地址返回。如果申请不成功，返回NULL void *calloc(unsigned int num, unsigned int size); 向系统申请num个size大小的内存块，把首地址返回。如果申请不成功，返回NULL void free(void* p); 释放由malloc()和calloc()申请的内存块。p是指向此块的指针 例7.13：一维动态数组 #include stdlib.h main() { int *p = NULL, n, i, sum; printf(Please enter array size:); scanf(%d, n); p = (int *) malloc(n * sizeof (int)); if (p == NULL) { printf(No enough memory!\n); exit(0); } printf(Please enter the score:); for (i=0; in; i++) { scanf(%d, p + i); } sum = 0; for (i=0; in; i++) { sum = sum + *(p + i); } printf(aver = %d\n, sum/n); free(p); } 例7.14：二维动态数组 #include stdlib.h main() { int *pScore = NULL, i, j, m, n, maxScore, row, col; printf(Please enter array size m,n:); scanf(%d,%d, m, n); pScore = (int *) calloc(m*n, sizeof (int)); if (p == NULL) { printf(No enough memory!\n); exit(0); } printf(Ple