毕业论文--高层建筑竖向通道内烟气流动与控制研究.docVIP

PAGE 毕业论文（设计） 题目 高层建筑竖向通道内烟气 流动与控制研究 学 号 姓 名 系 队 专 业 指导教师 二○一○年五月 毕业论文（设计） PAGE IV 摘 要 随着社会与经济的高速发展，一座座高楼大厦在世界各地拔地而起。高层建筑在给人们带来便利、满足人们的功能要求和美观需求的同时，也给火灾防治带来了很多新问题。同时，近年来发生的高层建筑火灾表明，火灾中楼梯间等竖向通道既是人员疏散的重要通道，也有可能成为火灾烟气竖向蔓延的途径，严重威胁人员的安全疏散。因此，研究高层建筑竖井、楼梯间等竖向通道的烟气流动特性及其合理的控制策略具有重要意义。 本文分析了高层建筑火灾的特点、高层建筑竖向通道内火灾烟气流动规律及影响因素，特别是对烟囱效应进行了详细的分析，为在高层建筑中设置机械加压送风防烟系统和利用竖井进行排烟提供了理论基础。同时，还指出了目前高层建筑烟气控制措施中存在的主要问题。这些研究成果可为完善相关的实际高层建筑防排烟设计提供技术支撑，为防排烟方式的选择提供理论指导，对于探求合理的烟气控制策略，减少火灾烟气对建筑内人员的危害，为消防部队开展抢险救援工作提供技术保障和安全保障，都有极其重要的意义。 关键词：烟气流动；控制；高层建筑；竖向通道 Abstract With the rapid development of society and economy, high-rise buildings have mushroomed all over the world. High-rise buildings makes peoples life more convenient, satisfies the architectural artistic and meets the function requirements. However, it also brings about many new fire safety problems for us. High-rise building fire has attached more and more research attention due to the fire disasters occurred in recent years. A stairwell connecting different floors of a building used for occupant transportation maybe becomes a path for smoke spread in case of fire, which would endanger the occupants lives. Smoke control in stairwell is very important for saving lives in case of high-rise fire. However, in order to provide appropriate fire safety, the dynamics of smoke spreading in shafts and stairwells should be well understood first. This text detailed analysis of the characteristics of high-rise buildings’ fire, the rule of high-rise buildings’ vertical channel smoke flow and the influence of smoke on the basis of factors, especially on chimney effect. It is proposed that set up a pressurized air supply mechanical smoke exhaust systems and discharge smoke used shaft. At the same time, it also pointed out the main problems of the high-rise buildings’ smoke control measures existing currently. These results can provide te