康熙惩抑朋党之争本科毕业论文.docVIP

摘 要 公元1661年正月初九，年仅八岁的爱新觉罗·玄烨即皇帝位，成为清定都北京后的第二位皇帝即康熙帝。康熙在位61年，励精图治，除鳌拜，平三藩，收复台湾，亲征葛尔丹……维护了统一多民族国家的稳定，奠定了清王朝的兴盛根基，开启了封建王朝最后的盛世局面——康乾盛世。却无法避免封建统治阶级内部的矛盾分歧，无法避免党争的出现，鳌拜党，明珠党，索额图党，皇子党等。朋党事件接连不断，却没有造成亡国的祸患，这与康熙帝的冷静警惕，高明的惩抑手段密不可分，本文简略阐述各朋党的产生、发展，论述康熙如何以冷静睿智面对复杂的党争事态，以平衡之术控制各方朋党，以恰当措施惩抑朋党强化皇权，从而实现康乾盛世的奠基。 关键词：康熙；党争；平衡 ABSTRACT In 1661 the ninth lunar January ，Eight year old Aixinjueluo Xuanye emperor of Qing Dynasty, became the capital in Beijing after the second emperor Kangxi Emperor. Kangxi in the 61 year of his reign, good governance, in addition to his flat, put down San fan, to recover Taiwan, qinzheng Geer… Maintenance of a unified multi-ethnic country laid the foundation stability and prosperity of the Qing Dynasty, the last feudal dynasty to open the heyday of Kangand Qian, a generation of enlightened monarch. However, cant avoid the feudal ruling class internal differences, to avoid competition, Aobai Faction，Suoetu Faction，Mingzhu Faction and The prince Faction.Clique event after another, but did not result perish of the country, which inseparabled with the calm of Kangxi . This article briefly describes each clique generation, development.Kangxi discuss how to calm wisdom in the face of complex situation the party struggles to balance the art of control parties clique to clique appropriate measures to punish suppression strengthen imperial power, in order to achieve Kang and Qian of the foundation. Key words：Kangxi；faction struggle；balance 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \u 16410 摘要 I 29271 ABSTRACT II 15638 一、前言 1 28321 (一) 理论意义与实用价值 1 16919 (二) 研究范围和目的 1 30499 (三) 研究现状和理论基础 1 21157 二、朋党之争 2 30041 (一) 朋党事件 2 15874 1.鳌拜党 2 8299 2.明珠党与索额图党 2 6130 3.南党与北党 3 6467 4.诸皇子党 4 20751 (二) 康熙惩抑朋党 5 23586 1.以史为鉴，高度重视 5 12915 2.保持清醒，勤勉治政 5 23568 3.一体两翼，皇权至上 6 24573 4.扬长避短，择善而用 6 32410 5.平衡之术，相互制约 7 23938 6.审时度势，措施得当 7 8895 结论 9 13980 注释 10 29688 参考文献 11 9730 致谢 12 一、前言 (一) 理论意义与实用价值 朋党是封建统治阶级内部矛盾的反映，党争则是为争取利益而形成派别相互攻击，中国封建社会朋党之争史不绝书，失控的