从数据到结论人民大学14统计软件和R语言.ppt

demo par(bg = cornsilk) data(quakes) coplot(lat ~ long | depth, data = quakes, pch = 21, bg = green3)#Hit Return to see next plot: example(plotmath) example(plotmath)#不用这个,等同于下面的语句 x - seq(-4, 4, len = 101) y - cbind(sin(x), cos(x)) matplot(x, y, type = l, xaxt = n, main = expression(paste(plain(sin) * phi, and , plain(cos) * phi)), ylab = expression(sin * phi, cos * phi), xlab = expression(paste(Phase Angle , phi)), col.main = blue)#Hit Return to see next plot: 画图(persp) data(volcano) z - 2 * volcano# Exaggerate the relief x - 10 * (1:nrow(z)) #10 meter spacing(S to N) y - 10 * (1:ncol(z)) #10 meter spacing(E to W) ## Dont draw the grid lines : border = NA par(bg = slategray) persp(x, y, z, theta = 135, phi = 30, col = green3, scale = FALSE, ltheta = -120, shade = 0.75, border = NA, box = FALSE) par(bg= white) #mtcars为87?61数据,作为高度z. 画图(contour) x - y - seq(-4*pi, 4*pi, len = 27) r - sqrt(outer(x^2, y^2, +)) opar - par(mfrow = c(2, 2), mar = rep(0, 4)) for(f in pi^(0:3)) contour(cos(r^2)*exp(-r/f), drawlabels = FALSE, axes = FALSE, frame = TRUE) 画图(contour) data(volcano) rx - range(x - 10*1:nrow(volcano)) ry - range(y - 10*1:ncol(volcano)) ry - ry + c(-1,1) * (diff(rx) - diff(ry))/2 tcol - terrain.colors(12) par(opar); opar - par(pty = s, bg = lightcyan) plot(x = 0, y = 0,type = n, xlim = rx, ylim = ry, xlab = , ylab = ) u - par(usr) rect(u[1], u[3], u[2], u[4], col = tcol[8], border = “red”) #rect画矩形 contour(x, y, volcano, col = tcol[2], lty = solid, add = TRUE, vfont = c(sans serif, plain)) title(A Topographic Map of Maunga Whau, font = 4) abline(h = 200*0:4, v = 200*0:4, col = lightgray, lty = 2, lwd = 0.1);par(opar) 画图(image) data(volcano) x - 10*(1:nrow(volcano)) y - 10*(1:ncol(volcano)) image(x, y, volcano, col = terrain.colors(100), axes = FALSE) contour(x, y, volcano, levels = seq(90, 200, by=5), add = TRUE, col = peru) axis(1, at = seq(100, 800, by = 100)) axis(2, at = seq(100, 600, by = 100)) box()