生殖生物学理论与相关技术-Implantation-讲稿2015.pptVIP

Trophoblast: L-selectin---Epithelia: MAd-CAM-1  Invading trophoblast Oxygen tension plays an important role in cytotrophoblast invasion The early stages: hypoxic environment migrate along the lumina of spiral arterioles, replacing the maternal endothelial Cytotrophoblasts are also found in the smooth muscle walls of these vessels. As a result, the diameter of the arterioles expands Spiral artery remodeling and preeclampsia Defect of extravillous trophoblast invasion  in myometrial spiral artery occurs in preeclampsia Cause of fetal growth restriction (FGR) Sex steroids 17β estradiol (E2) and progesterone(P) Regulate epithelial-stromal cell cross talk Affecting tintrophoblast attachment and invasion  Regulations of Angiogenesis VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) PAF (platelet-activating factor) inhibitors ECM降解-为胚泡入侵和胎盘形成提供条件 纤连蛋白、玻连蛋白、Ⅲ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ型胶原等降解 基质粘性下降，间质水肿 MMPs(2、9) （金属蛋白酶）／MMPs组织抑制因子-1的平衡 原蛋白酶5／6是MMP的激活剂之一 Horse-PC6 MMP9 Monkey-PC6 Human-PC6 IL-1，6，8，11、P/E, LIF, hCG, O2 表皮生长因子家族（Hb-EGF、TGF-α、TGF-β、EGF); NGF, IGF, TNF, GmCGF; LIF, VEGF... 整合素家族（α1β1、αvβ3、α4β1）、粘附分子、凝集素 , Proteanases, Proproteinases... ? Implantation involves a complex network of molecular signaling  Leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) -at the top of molecular network LIF and LIF-R : expressed in pre-implantation embryo Secreted from the uterus Lacking a functional LIF gene -their blastocysts fail to implant Maximal expression of LIF is during the implantation window leading molecule Involved in immune tolerance Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor Expressed in stromal and epithelial cells of the uterus Regulate endometrial proliferation, secretion ,decidualization Involved in the regulation of blastocyst implantation