耳鼻咽喉应用解剖肖雪.pptx

耳鼻咽喉应用解剖肖雪The NoseExternal nose 外鼻Nasal cavity鼻腔Paranasal sinuses 副鼻窦Nasal root 鼻根Nasal back 鼻背Nasal apex 鼻尖Alae nasi 鼻翼Nostrils 鼻孔Lateral nasal cartilage鼻外侧软骨The External Nose外鼻静脉特点内眦静脉 面静脉 颈内静脉 眼上/ 下静脉 海绵窦主要经面静脉和内眦静脉回流到颈内静脉。内眦静脉经眼上、眼下静脉与颅内海绵窦相通，该区静脉无瓣膜Nasal cavity 鼻腔Nasal vestibule 鼻前庭Nasal vestibule is the anterior and inferior part of nasal cavity. It is lined by skin and contains sebaceous glands, hair follicles and hair.Nasal cavity proper固有鼻腔Nasal cavity properThe roof. Anterior sloping part of the roof is formed by nasal bones; Posterior sloping part by the body of sphenoid bone; The middle horizontal part, by the cribriform plate (筛板).Nasal cavity properThe floor . formed by the palatal process of the maxilla（上颌骨腭突）and the horizontal process of the palate bones（腭骨水平部）.1/43/4Nasal cavity properNasal septum. 鼻中隔筛骨正中板鼻中隔软骨犁骨上颌骨腭突Little’s area （plexus）利特尔区 (动脉丛)Confluence of :Anterior Ethmoidal a. 筛前动脉 Greater Palatine a. 腭大动脉Sphenopalatine a.蝶腭动脉Sup. Labial a.上唇动脉Little’s area （plexus）利特尔区 (动脉丛)Nasal cavity properLateral wall.three scroll-like bone projections called turbinate or conchae（鼻甲）. Below and lateral to each turbinate is the corresponding meatus（鼻道）.Nasal cavity proper Lateral wall.Nasolacrimal duct (鼻泪管) opens in the anterior part of inferior meatus.鼻泪管开口于下鼻道的前方The anterior group of sinuses (frontal, marxillary and anterior ethmoidal sinuses) open to the infundibulum （筛漏斗）in middle meatus.前组鼻窦（额窦，前组筛窦，上颌窦）开口于中鼻道的筛漏斗。Posterior ethmoidal sinuses open into superior meatus.后组筛窦开口于上鼻道。The openning of sphenoid sinus situate is phenoethmoidal recess （蝶筛隐窝）lies above the superior turbinate.蝶窦开口位于上鼻甲上方的蝶筛隐窝 Nasal cavity properPosterior naris (choanae) 后鼻孔Nasal septum鼻中隔 Inferior turbinate下鼻甲 Paranasal sinuses 副鼻窦The sinuses are air-filled bony cavities located in the face and skull adjacent to the nose. Maxillary sinus上颌窦 The maxillary sinus is the largest one, present in the maxilla bone. Drains into the nasal cavity throug