Lecture 10 Nominal Clauses 汉英翻译 教学课件.pptVIP

Translation of Nominal Clauses名词从句的翻译 Question: What is a nominal clause? Nominal Clauses English subordinate clauses (从属分句) are classified into six groups: 1) subject clause, 2) object clause, 3) predicative clause, 4) appositive clause, 5) attributive clause, 6) adverbial clause. The first four of them function as nouns in complex sentences and are generally called nominal clauses. Content 1. Subject clause 主语从句 2. Object clause 宾语从句 3. Predicative clause 表语从句 4. Appositive clause 同位语从句 Subject clause Subject clauses introduced by pronouns These clauses are introduced by such pronouns as what, whatever, whoever, etc. The king declared, “Whoever makes my daughter laugh shall marry her.” 国王宣布：“谁要把我女儿逗乐了，就可以娶她。” When they are translated into Chinese, restructuring is usually not used. 1. What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality. 过去一度认为不可能的事已经变成了可能。 2. Whether or not we accept their apology is up to us. 接不接受他们的道歉由我们自己决定。 3. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. 任何人犯法都要受罚。 or: 违法必究。 4. Whatever was said here must be kept secret. 我们在这里说的话必须保密。 5. What happened on September 11, 2001 will be forever etched in our memory. 2001年9月11日发生的事将永远铭刻在我们脑海。 B. “it” functions as a formal subject e.g. It doesn’t make much difference whether he loves me or not. In translation, the subject clause may either come before or after the principal clause. 1. It doesn’t make much difference whether he loves me or not. 他爱不爱我没什么很大的不同/区别/关系。 2. It seemed incredible that the pilot could have survived the crash. 飞机坠毁之后飞行员还能活着，这看似难以置信。 很难相信飞行员在飞机坠毁后还能生存下来。 3. It is rumored that the movie star died of a drug overdose. 据传闻，那位影星死于吸毒过量。 C. Subject clauses introduced by that 1. That she is still alive is a consolation. 2. That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind. These subject clauses are used either for emphasis or for balance of the structure.