跨文化商务沟通chapter3.pptVIP

Chapter 3 Comprehending Verbal Communication Learning Objectives By this end of this chapter, you should be able to: Understand how language and culture are closely linked Understand cultural influences on some commonly observed differences between English and Chinese Distinguish denotational and connotational meanings of words Learning Objectives Distinguish linear and nonlinear language, deductive and inductive patterns Make cross-cultural comparisons of different pragmatic rules used in various speech acts and verbal styles Means of Human Communication Verbal communication Using words that have mutually understood meanings and a set of rules Nonverbal communication Edward T. Hall refers to it as the “silent language” The Relationship Between Language and Culture 1. The influence of culture on language 2. The influence of language on culture The Influence of Culture on Language 1. Language as a reflection of the environment Language reflects the environment in which we live. We label things that are around us. (examples) The environment influences the development of technology, products, and the appropriate vocabulary. (examples) The Influence of Culture on Language 2. Language as reflection of values Language reflects cultural values. Language is a mirror of culture, because language reflects human relationships, reflects the way the society operates. Example: Chinese kinship terms reflect the importance of our family system. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis Language not only serves as a mechanism for communication , but a guide to social reality. Reality for a culture is discoverable in its language Linguistic Determinism Language structure controls thought and cultural norms The world as each of us knows it is to a large extent predetermined by the language of our culture The differences between languages represent basic differences in the worldview of diverse cultures. Linguistic Relativity Linguistic characteristics and cultural norms influence each other. Culture