《凯里学院校园鸟类季节差异性》-毕业论文（设计）.docVIP

PAGE I l 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 目 录 I 摘要： II 关键词： II Abstract: II Key words： III 前言 1 1．校园概况： 1 2.研究方法 1 2.1调查时间与方法 2 2.2数据处理 2 3.调查结果 3 3.1 校园鸟类的组成 3 3.2 不同季节下鸟类多样性 4 3.3 季节间的相似性 5 4.讨论 5 4.1 校园鸟类数量、种类的讨论 5 4.2 多样性与相似度的分析 6 4.3 季节间群落的关系 6 4.4凯里学院鸟类多样性保护和建议 7 参考文献 8 致谢： 9 附录 表1 10 凯里学院校园鸟类季节差异性 (凯里学院环境与生命科学学院 贵州凯里 556011) 摘要：于2011年2月—2012年1月，采用样线法对凯里学院校园鸟类进行了实地调查，结果表明，鸟类共有40种，隶属于4目17科。其中，“三有”鸟类26种，占鸟类总数的65%；古北种和东洋种均为13种、广布种14 种。白鹡鸰(Motacilla alba)、黄臀鹎(Pycnonotus xanthorrhous)、麻雀(Passer montanus)为优势种。大山雀(Parus major)、白头鹎(Pycnonotus sinensis)为常见种。分析表明：群落总体的α多样性指数()是1.755，均匀性指数()是0.2181，优势度()是0.3248；四个季节鸟类群落的为1.3032～2.0020 ，为0.4281 ～0.6576， 为0.2189～0.4661；相似度指数分析表明：春—夏两季的鸟类群落相似度指数最大为0.7143，冬—夏两季鸟类群落相似度指数是最小为0.238。本文分析了不同季节鸟类的组成、数量季节差异性等特点，为保护和合理利用校园鸟类提供了科学依据。 关键词：凯里学院；季节差异性；鸟类；多样性 Avian seasonal difference of Kaili University campus Hu Dan (Environment and life science, Kaili University, Kaili, Guizhou 556011) Abstract: From 2011 February to 2012 January, an investigation was carried out on the birds of the Kaili University by line transect method. The results showed that there were a total number of 40 species, which could be classified into 4 orders, 17 families. Among them, there were 26 beneficial species with economic and scientific research values accounted for 65% of the total number of birds, Palaearctic region and Oriental region species was respectively 13, and cosmopolitan species 14. Motacilla alba, Pycnonotus xanthorrhous, Passer montanus were the dominant species, Parus major, Pycnonotus sinensis were common species, accounted for　respectively. The results showed that α diversity index () was 1.755, uniformity index () was 0.2181, and dominance index () was 0.3248; α diversity index ()of the four seasons， birds community was 1.3032 ~ 2.0020, uniformity index () was 0.4281 ~ 0.6576, and dominance index () was 0.2189 ~ 0.4661; similari