膜生物反应器次临界通量运行的膜污染特性研究.docVIP

第一作者:黄圣散,男,1981年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为水污染控制工程。 膜生物反应器次临界通量运行的膜污染特性研究 黄圣散　吴志超 (同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092 　　摘要　膜生物反应器(MBR 是将膜分离与生物反应相结合的污水处理新工艺,近年来已引起广泛的关注,但不可避免的膜污染限制其更广泛的应用。临界通量在膜污染控制中是个非常重要的概念。本试验研究平板膜生物反应器在次临界通量运行下的膜污染状况,并结合膜污染模型进一步表征膜表面的污染特性。试验结果表明,该平板膜生物反应器在次临界通量运行的情况下,膜污染可分为膜污染缓慢发展阶段(第Ⅰ阶段和膜污染迅速发展阶段(第Ⅱ阶段,可分别用膜孔堵塞模型和泥饼阻力模型表征膜阻力与时间的变化关系。同时,对运行后的膜阻力分布进行分析,表明泥饼阻力和孔道吸附堵塞阻力是膜污染的主要组成部分,分别占到总阻力的73%和24%,而膜本身阻力仅占3%。 　　关键词膜生物反应器临界通量膜污染 Study on membrane bioreactor fouling in sub 2critical flux operation 　H uang S hengsan ,W u Zhichao.(S tate Key L abo 2ratory of Poll ution Cont rol and Resource Reuse ,Tong j i Universit y ,S hanghai 200092 Abstract :　Membrane bioreactors (MBRs ,in which membranes are applied to biological wastewater treatment ,have been greatly developed recently ,but membrane fouling in MBRs restricts their widespread use.Critical flux is an important parameter to control membrane fouling.This study investigates the change in membrane fouling in a flat membrane bioreactor operating at a sub 2critical flux.The previous theoretical models are used to simulate the mem 2brane fouling characteristics.Experimental results show that membrane fouling can be divided into two stages :the first period during which fouling gradually occurs and the second period in which fouling rises rapidly.The pore bloc 2king resistance and cake resistance models can be used to simulate resistance with time in different periods.The analy 2sis of membrane resistance distribution shows that resistance arising f rom cake formation is 73%of total resistance ,resistance due to pore blocking is 24%,and clean membrane resistance is only 3%. K eyw ords :　Membrane bioreactor (MBR 　Critical flux 　Membrane fouling 　　膜生物反应器(MBR 是将膜分离与生物反应相结合的污水处理新工艺,近年来已引起广泛的关注,并逐步应用于城市污水和工业废水的处理[1~3]。由于传统生物处理技术二沉池固液分离性能的限制,使得反应器的微生物浓度不能太高,而MBR 能成功代替二沉池进行高效固液分离,大大提高反应器的污泥浓度,同时具有出水水质好、耐冲击负荷强和污泥产率低等优点。尽管MBR 有许多其他污水处理技术所不具备的优点,但不可避免的膜污染限制其更广泛的应用[4,5]。　　临界通量的概念最早由Field 在1995年提出,此后国内外很多学者对此开展广泛研究[6~8]。MBR 临界通量即保持一个恒定的膜