虚拟语气(Luckf语法工作室).pptVIP

虚拟语气Subjunctive Mood 辽宁省实验中学营口分校 么忠岳 英语中的语气 在英语中，语气分为三类： 第一类——陈述语气（the Indicative Mood）：用来陈述事实，有肯定、否定、疑问、感叹等形式。 第二类——祈使语气（the Imperative Mood）：表达直接命令、需要、劝告、请求、禁止或许可的语气。 第三类——虚拟语气（the Subjunctive Mood）：虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 概述 在中学阶段，虚拟语气大体可分为以下几类： 1. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气（多为宾语从句） 2.定语从句中的虚拟语气 3.状语从句中的虚拟语气 表示建议、愿望、命令、要求、赞许、气愤、惊奇、不满等的动词、名词、形容词、分词等后的名词性从句用省略should的虚拟语气 The PLA men ordered that all the enemies (should) give themselves up immediately. They requested that the students (should) learn a second language. He proposes that we (should) work out a plan first. I suggest that we (should) visit that school. The chairman of the meeting insisted firmly that we (should) take up and solve the problem at the meeting. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气(1) 表示建议、愿望、命令、要求、赞许、气愤、惊奇、不满等的动词、名词、形容词、分词等后的名词性从句用省略should的虚拟语气。而高考中常把should省略来考察谓语形式。这样的词有： 动词：suggest（建议）, insist（坚持要求）, order（命令）, demand（要求）, request（要求）, command（命令）, propose（建议）, desire（要求）, advise（劝告） 名词： advice（劝告）,suggestion（建议）,proposal（建议）,idea（意见），request（要求）,requirement（要求）,decision（决定） 形容词、分词：important（重要的）, necessary（必要的）, unusual（不寻常的）, demanded（需要的）, required（需要的）, desired（希望的）, hoped（希望的）, ordered（命令的）, suggested（建议的） 注意 Suggest当表示”建议”时用虚拟语气 当表示“暗示”、“表明”时不用虚拟语气 E.g. He suggested that she (should) leave the house at once. The manager’s face suggested that he was angry. Insist当表示“坚持说”时不用虚拟语气 当表示“坚持要求”、“硬要”时用虚拟语气 E.g. The criminal insisted that he was innocent He insisted that they (should) show him their passports. 动词后、形容词和分词后通常是宾语从句 名词后通常是同位语从句 时态后移类虚拟语气 I wish I were you. I wish I had learned more. I wish I could be of more use in the future. I wish that she could go with us tomorrow. I wish I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky. I’d rather you helped me. I’d rather you came tomorrow I’d rather you had come yesterday. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气（2） Wish后宾语从句时态 Would rather, had rather, would sooner, prefer后宾语从句的时态 It is (high) time that …… It is time that you should have class. It is time that you had class.