基础笔译第五讲.ppt

第五讲 增删重组 增删重组的必要性 汉译英的增删主要是因为两种文化与观念的不同通常反映在语言上。进行汉译英时译者的最终目的是让外国读者理解汉语原文所传达的信息，正确领会其中包含的理念，而不是简单地追求表面的对等。 增删是有原则的，增加的成分必须与原文所要表达的思想关系密切，起到强化原文思想的目的；删减的成分必须是无关原文思想表达的附属性内容或英文表达中的多余内容。详见泰特勒的论述： If it is necessary that a translator should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work, it becomes a question, whether it is allowable in any case to add to the ideas of the original what may appear to give greater force or illustration; or to take from them what may seem to weaken them from redundancy. To give a general answer to this question I would say, that this liberty may be used, but with the greatest caution. It must be further observed, that the superadded idea shall have the most necessary connection with the original thought, and actually increase its force. And, on the other hand, that whether an idea is cut off by the translator, it must be only such as is an accessory, and not a principal in the clause or sentence. It must likewise be confessedly redundant, so that its retrenchment shall not impair or weaken the original thought. 增词翻译 增补冠词： 他在那个大学里任语文教员。 He worked as a language teacher in that university. （冠词表类别） 这些都是我想看的小说。 These are the novels I want to read. （特指） 增补代词 No one is too old to learn. （主语） 活到老，学到老。 他耸耸肩，要摇头，两眼看天，一句话不说。 He shrugged his shoulders, shook his head, cast up his eyes, but said nothing. （物主代词） 请原谅，打断一下。 Excuse me for interrupting you. （宾语） 他们躲藏起来了。 They hide themselves. （反身代词） 增补动词 别傻里傻气。 Don’t behave foolishly. 增补介词 星期天上街去了。 We went to the street on Sunday. 明天坐车去公园。 We are going to the park by bus tomorrow. 增补连词 你不去，我也不去。 I won’t go if you are not going. 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。 As long as the green mountains are here, one should not worry about firewood. 增补it 你这样想是很自然的。 It is natural for you to think so. 增补汉语中暗含而无需说明的部分。 报考大学的人，有工作经验的优先录取。 University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not. 科学事业要提倡顾全大局。 The spirit of taking the whole situation into consideration is advocated in the caus