《国际商贸》英语Chapter 1 Introduction to International Trade and International Settlement.ppt

* 邹勇教授 * Chapter One Introduction to International Trade The Definition of the International Trade Reasons for International Trade Basic Forms of the International Trade The Theory of Comparative Advantage The Definition of the Trade: Trade is one of the most basic activities of mankind. It involves the transfer of the ownership of goods or services from one person or entity to another in exchange for other goods or services or for money. Trade exists in every society, every part of the world, and in fact every day due to the specialization and division of labor, in which most people concentrate on a small aspect of production, trading for other products. * The Definition of the International Trade International trade, also known as world trade, or overseas trade, is the fair and deliberate exchange of goods and services across national boundaries. It concerns trade operations of both import and export and includes the purchases and sale of both visible and invisible goods, the former of which is called trade in goods while the latter of which is called trade in services in the word of WTO. Therefore, International trade includes not only international trade and foreign manufacturing, but also encompasses the growing services industry in areas such as transportation, tourism, banking, advertising, construction, retailing, wholesaling and mass communications. * Reasons for International Trade No nation has all of the commodities that it needs A country often does not have enough of a particular item to meet its needs. No nations can sell items at a lower cost than other countries International trade takes places because of innovation and style. Basic Forms of the International Trade Visible trade involves the import and export of tangible goods and merchandise. invisible trade involves the exchange of services between nations. Invisible trade can be as important to some nations as the export of raw materials or commodities is to others. In both cases, t