物理学史上最美的十个实验第十名.docVIP

物理学史上最美的十个实验第十名 Foucaults pendulum 傅科钟摆实验 ?In 2001,when scientists mounted a pendulum above the South Pole and watched it swing,they were replicating a celebrated demonstration performed in Paris in 1851.Using a steel wire 220 feet long, the French scientist Jean-Bernard-Léon Foucault suspended a 62-pound iron ball from the dome of the Panthéon and set it in motion, rocking back and forth. To mark its progress he attached a stylus to the ball and placed a ring of damp sand on the floor below.??? The audience watched in awe as the pendulum inexplicably appeared to rotate, leaving a slightly different trace with each swing. Actually it was the floor of the Panthéon that was slowly moving, and Foucault had shown, more convincingly than ever, that the earth revolves on its axis. At the latitude of Paris, the pendulums path would complete a full clockwise rotation every 30 hours; on the Southern Hemisphere it would rotate counterclockwise, and on the Equator it wouldnt revolve at all. At the South Pole, as the modern-day scientists confirmed, the period of rotation is 24 hours. 2001年，科学家们在南极安置一个摆钟，并观察它的摆动。他们是在重复1851年巴黎的一个著名实验.　1851年法国科学家傅科在公众面前做了一个实验，用一根长220英尺的钢丝将一个62磅