独立主格结构又称绝对结构或复合结构.docVIP

独立主格结构又称绝对结构或复合结构。由下列结构构成用来表示时间`原因，条件，行为方式或伴随情况。其作用相当于状语从句，这种结构多用于书面语中。 名词（代词）+现在分词 Xiao Wang falling ill，(主动关系)we have to look after him。The guests having left，she began to clean the room。 2．名词(代词)+过去分词 Her glasses broken,(被动关系)she couldn’t see the words on the blackboard. She stood there, her hands crossed on the chest. 3.名词(代词)+形容词 The streets wet and slippery,we had to ride out bikes slowly and carefully./The students were listening to the teacher,their eyes wide open. (这种结构与”主系表”结构相似,非谓语系动词being往往省略,但当being的逻辑主语是代词时,being 就不能省略.)It being sunny,the children went to the park 4.名词(代词)+副词 The meeting over,we returned to the classroom from the hall./He pulled on his shirt,wrong side out.(这种结构也相当于主系表结构,表语为副词时,非谓语动词being常省略 5.名词(代词)+介词短语 The old man sat on the chair,(with)a pipe in his hand./The man went out of the room, food in mouth(在这种表达方式中有两种习惯用法?1有冠词和物主代词等分别修饰前后两个名词,有时有with引导,如以上第一句;第二种前后两个名词没有任何冠词或物主代词修饰,也不用with引导.) 6.名词(代词)+不定式 The sports meeting to be held next week,we must get ready for it. So many people to help him,he is sure to succeed. 7.There being +名词(代词) There being no bus, we had to walk home. There being no more things to be discussed, the meeting came to an end.(这种结构是存在句型的独立主格结构,其中being不能省略) 二.独立结构在句中的作用 1.时间状语 Spring coming on,the trees turn green./The problem(having been)solved,they went back to their own post. 2.作原因状语 It being Sunday yesterday,we didn’t go to school. The key(having been)lost,she couldn’t enter the room. 3.作条件状语 Time permiting,we’ll visit the park./Water heated to a high temperature,we can see stream rising from it. 4.方式状语或伴随状语 The children were making a snowman,their hands red with cold. He fell to the ground,blood trickling from his nose. 三 独立主格结构的句型转换 1.转换成状语从句 His homework done,he went to bed.=After his homework was done,he went to bed. She not feeling well, we worried about her.=As she was not feeling well, we worried about her. Weather permiting.the sports meet will be held the day after tomorrow.=If weather permits, th