基于转子试验台的典型故障信号分析说明书.docxVIP

I I 基于转子试验台的典型故障信号分析 Analysis of Typical Fault Signals Based on Rotor Test Bench 摘 要 随着现代工业飞速发展，旋转机械被越来越广的应用到企业生产之中，旋转机械被广泛地应用于企业生产的各种机械装置中，对机械的生产过程的顺利完成起到了关键性作用。 由于旋转机械的复杂性， 在工作中经常会产生各种故障，如果不能及时发现和处理，会使机械设备丧失可靠性及其正常的生产功能，带来难以估量的的经济损失。这使得人们认识到对旋转机械的监测与故障诊断的重要性，并对旋转机械关键部件故障的分析技术也提出了更高要求。 本文以实验台的模式对转子的几种故障做了深入研究： （1）研究转子实验台的构造，以及转子不对中、不平衡、基座松动三种故障的机理，为轴心轨迹的识别打下基础。 （2）频域时域、轴心轨迹等方法对故障信号分析并进行对比。针对轴心轨迹的图像特征，利用轴心轨迹方法对转子不平衡、不对中、基座松动现象进行了深入研究，并在转子试验台上仿真了三种常见的轴心轨迹图形。 （3）在转子试验中进行复合故障信号分析，发现主要是不对中、基座松动两种故障的复合故障，用 ICA 分离故障信号，从而可以获得各自的故障信号。 关键字：旋转机械；MATLAB；故障分析；复合故障 Abstract With the rapid development of modern industry, rotating machinery is more and more widely used in the production of enterprises, rotating machinery is widely used in enterprises to produce a variety of mechanical devices, the mechanical production process has played a key success effect. Due to the complexity of rotating machinery, often in the work of a variety of failures, if not timely detection and processing, mechanical equipment will lose the reliability and its normal production function, bring huge economic losses, more serious even Will lead to major personnel safety incidents. This makes the recognition of the importance of monitoring and fault diagnosis of rotating machinery and the higher requirements for the analysis of key components of rotating machinery. In this paper, several faults of the rotor are studied in detail: The structure of the rotor test bed and the mechanism of the three faults of the rotor misalignment, the imbalance and the base loosening are studied, and the identification of the axis the use of frequency domain time domain, axis trajectory analysis of fault signals and compared. According to the image features of the axial trajectory, the axial unmotor, the misalignment and the loosening of the base are studied deeply by using the axial trajectory method, and three common axial trajectories are simulated on the rotor test bed. In the rotor test for complex fault signal anal