6.4 Concrete and cement译文材料导论.pdf

6.4 Concrete and cement Hello, everbody, we would like to talk about concrete and cement. 译文： 你好，我们想谈谈混凝土和水泥。 Concrete means an artificial stone made by mixing sand, stone, Portland cement and water. This mixture cast into a form of the desired shape and size, hardens into a stone- like mass: called the concrete. 混凝土是由沙子、石头、硅酸盐水泥和水混合而制 成的人造石。这种混合物形成了一种所要形状和大小，硬化变成了一种石头般的 物质，称为混凝土。 译文： 混凝土是由沙子、石头、硅酸盐水泥和水混合而制成的人造石。这种混合物形成 了一种所要形状和大小，硬化变成了一种石头般的物质，称为混凝土。 There are basically three materials we start with to make concrete: One is the aggregate, which is made up of the fine and coarse aggregates together, for example, the sand and broken stones. The other is the water. The finally material is the binding material, which is usually Portland cement. 混凝土主要有三种材料，分别是骨料，它是由细和粗 的骨料组成，如沙子和碎石。另一个是水。最后的材料是粘结材料，通常是硅酸 盐水泥。 译文： 混凝土主要有三种材料，分别是骨料，它是由细和粗的骨料组成，如沙子和碎石。 另一个是水。最后的材料是粘结材料，通常是硅酸盐水泥。 When the three materials are mixed together, the cement and water combine chemically to make a cement paste, which surrounds the particles of the aggregate and holds them together. 译文： 当这三种材料混合在一起时，水泥和水就会在化学上结合在一起，形成一个水泥 浆，包裹着骨料，将他们聚集在一起。 Aggregate is the term used for the mixture of different sized stones that form the body of mortars and concrete. 骨料是指用于构成砂浆和混凝土的不同大小的石头的混 合物。 译文： 骨料”是指用于构成砂浆和混凝土的不同大小的石头的混合物。 Ideally the stone should be graded so that the smaller sizes of stone fit exactly into the spaces between the larger ones and no gaps or holes are left in the mass of mortar or concrete. 理想的情况下，石头应该被分级，以便小的石块能够精确地与较大的石 块之间的空间完全吻合，从而在砂浆或混凝土中不留下缝隙。 译文： 理想的情况下，石头应该被分级，以便较小的石块能够精确地与较大的石块之间 的空间完全吻合，从而在砂浆或混凝土中不留下缝隙。 For making concrete and mortar, the Rural Builder has two types of aggregate: the fine one which is sand and the coarse one which is broken stones. Aggregates are classified according to their grain size, and shape and texture. 根据骨料的大小、形状和纹理 来分类。 译文： 为制备混凝土和灰浆，农村建筑施工中有两种类型:一种是沙子，另一种是破碎 的石料。根据骨料的大小、形状和纹理来分类。 Acc