高一英语Unit4 语法 定语从句 讲解加练习 新课标 人教版.ppt

定语从句 定语从句在句子中起定语作用，修饰一个名词或代词，有时可修饰一个句子。被定语从句修饰的词叫作先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词的后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导。关系词充当从句的成分。 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句 1）限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语从句，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。起限定作用。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切， 写时不可用逗号分开。 * * 　　（定语从句） 定语从句 限定性定语从句 非限定性定语从句 引导词 关系代词： 关系副词: that, which, who, whom, whose, as when, where, why Eg:The accident happened on the day when I lost my job. Eg: I spent a whole holiday with John, who was very friendly and helpful. 2) 非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的补充说明， 如果去掉， 主句的意思仍然很清楚。 这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用 that 引导。 关系代词和关系副词 的作用 指代作用 连接句子的作用 That tall man is Tom’s father and he works in a shoe factory. That tall man is Tom’s father, _____ works in a shoe factory. who that 宾语 (2)指物时，that与which可以互换，但要注意在特定情况下that与which的选用。 关系代词的用法： 1. that 和 which (1) that , which 都可以指物，——— 还可以指人，在从句中作主语或宾语， 作______ 时可以省略。 True or false All which you need to do is to press the button . I have read all the books that you gave me. 3. This is the best novel that I have read. × that √ √ 4. This is the very book which I want to look for. 5. The last place that we visited was the chemical works. 6. They talked about the teachers and schools which they had visited. × that √ × that 只用that 的情况: 1.先行词为不定代词或有不定代词修饰的如:everything,anything,all,much,nothing,any等. 2.先行词被最高级修饰的. 3.先行词被the only,the very,the right 修饰的 4.先行词既包括人又包括物时. (6)主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时,一般用that引导定语从句(而不用who, whom, which)。 (5)that 还可以在定语从句中作表语，(而which, who, whom, whose 不能） that此时可以省略。 She is no longer the girl_______ she used to be. that Which is the book_______you need? that 用which 的情况： 1.用于非限定定语从句中. 2.用于介词后 I have rent a house , which is very big. I want to rent a house which/that is very big. The chair on which he is sitting is made of plastics. The chair (which/that) he is sitting on is made of plastics. 2. who 和 whom (1)who指人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 (2)whom指人，是宾格，在定语从句中只能作宾语。 (3)who不可以用在介词后,而whom可以。 Do you know the man _________________I talked to just now. who/whom/that/-