(完整版)延续性动词和短暂性动词转换归纳.docVIP

延续性动词和短暂性动词转换归纳 瞬间动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能和表示一段时间 的状语连用如 :for 和 since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时 间.那就要将瞬间动词转化为表延续的动词或者表状态的 be+ 名词／形容词或副词／介词短语等。 leave— been away from buy —have borrow— keep die— be dead get up—be up put on— be on / wear come / get back— be back go to town —be in town lose—be missing catch a cold— have a cold close— be closed / not open open — be open fall ill / asleep— be ill / asleep begin /start— be on return--be back marry---be married finish--be over become--be come / go to —be in / at arrive in （at）/ get to / reach—— be in / at join + 名词 -------be in + 组织 / be a（an）+组织成员 get /receive a letter from — have a letter from 一看时间状语。 如果句中没有表示过去确切时间的状语，常 用现在完成时；如果有，则只能用一般过去时。如： I have visited the factory. I visited the factory last year. 二看句首有无疑问词 。如果笼统地问人家做过某事了吗 （句首无疑问词），常用现在完成时；但进一步询问何时、何地、何 原因、用什么方式做那事时 （句首有疑问词） 就要用一般过去时。 如： Have you had your breakfast? －Yes, I have. －When did you have it? －At seven thirty. 注意： 这种用法是以连贯性问答为背景的。否则就需要具体情况具 体分析。如： How many words have you learned by heart? How did you learn them by heart? 三看句中谓语动词是否为延续性动词。 如果表 示的动作或状态一直延续到现在， 最好选用延续性动词， 并使用现在 完成时；如果是瞬间动词，则用一般过去时。如： He has been a league member for two months. He joined the Youth League two months ago.