LHC上WH伴随产生过程的研究.docVIP

PAGE PAGE LHC上伴随产生过程的研究 摘要 粒子物理学的标准模型(Standard Model)是描述了构成物质的基本粒子及其相互作用的基本理论。2013年，随着Higgs粒子被发现，标准模型预言的62种基本粒子(三代轻子、夸克和规范传播子)中最后一个粒子也被找到，至此标准模型取得了巨大的成功。然而，标准模型也遇到了许多困难，如中微子振荡、暗物质暗能量、过多未知参数等问题。为了解答这一系列新的问题，物理学家们提出了新物理的存在。现位于欧洲核子研究中心(CERN)的大型强子对撞机(LHC)也正在寻找新物理的信号。 本文通过介绍标准模型的基本内容，重点了解了真空自发对称性破缺的Higgs机制，介绍了对称性破缺如何使粒子获得质量，又经过对标准模型遇到的困难的认识，进一步说明新物理的必要性。基于新物理的考虑，介绍双Higgs二重态(2HDM)模型，其通过对标量场Higgs场的自然扩充来对Higgs粒子的性质做进一步的研究，特别地，说明了带电Higgs粒子的存在。通过叙述和对比，选择TypeII型双Higgs二重态作为研究对象，具体对的伴随产生过程进行阐述，画出费曼图，由拉氏量找出费曼规则，得出不变振幅的平方，然后得到散射截面，结合LHC中观测过程中数据，分析说明了的伴随产生过程的实验情况，并进一步说明在反应有效能量=14 TeV下事例数的计算过程。 关键词：标准模型 Higgs机制 双Higgs二重态模型 带电Higgs粒子 The associated production at the LHC Abstract The standard model(SM) of particle physics is a theoretical description of elementary particles of matter with their interactions of each. As of 2013, scientists are virtually certain that they have confirmed the Higgs boson exists, and therefore that the all sorts of elementary particles of SM has been found, so far, the SM has achieved a great success.Though extremely successful, the SM has faced many problems such as neutrino oscillation, the nature of? \o Dark matter dark matter?and? \o Dark energy dark energy and etc.And some parameters in the SM arbitrarily added but unexplained. [1]?To solve those problems, physicists have proposed so-called new physics that means Beyond the Standard Model(BSM)[2]. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), which is located in the European nuclear research center (CERN), is looking for new physics signals. In this paper, we first revisit the SM and focused on understanding the electroweak spontaneous symmetry breaking of Higgs mechanism(EWSB) , and then, after learned the difficulties encountered by the SM, further illustrate the importance of new physics, especially introduce the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model[32-37]. Through contrast, choose the Type II 2HDM as the object, and illustrate the associated production, draw the Feynman diagrams. Based on lagrangian, find the?Feyn