华北地区传统民居院落的影壁艺术研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 摘 要 影壁在院落中起着 “引”、 “藏”、 “围”、 “通”的作用，是传统民居院落 的组成元素。其空间位置、结构形制、雕刻工艺、装饰风格等方面也形成了规整大 气、朴质素雅、饱满浑厚和自然生动的艺术风格，在传统民居院落环境中起到画龙 点睛的作用。华北地区是中原、内蒙、东北、西北等各地的来往要地，独特的地理 位置和多种文化的交流使华北地区民居院落的影壁艺术在材料运用、构图特征、装 饰风格和装饰题材等形成了不同于南方影壁艺术的独特艺术风格。本文以华北地区 传统民居院落影壁的发展脉络为切入点，通过对北京、天津、河北、山西为代表的 北方合院式院落影壁的田野调查和文献查阅的基础上来分析华北地区传统民居院落 的影壁艺术特征。 本文以华北地区传统民居院落的影壁为研究对象，首先从历史的角度深入剖析 影壁的起源、结构发展和装饰变化三个方面，以此为基础进一步分析华北地区传统 民居院落影壁的艺术特征。然后根据影壁与院落的位置关系、尺度关系和功能审美， 对影壁的结构种类、材质类型、雕刻工艺、装饰题材等方面进行梳理，发掘华北地 区民居院落的影壁艺术中所蕴藏的美学特点和文化内涵。最后从文化、历史、经济 三个方面分析华北地区传统民居院落影壁蕴含的深层价值，为华北地区传统民居院 落影壁艺术的传承和保护提供一些思路。 关键词 影壁艺术；华北地区；传统民居；院落 I Abstract Abstract The screen wall plays the functional role of “leading”, “hiding”, “surrounding” and “connecting”in the courtyard.Asacomponent element oftraditionalresidential courtyard, its special position, structure and shape, artistic carving, decoration style and others characteristics all formed a regular simple yet elegant atmosphere, full yet natural, aswell as a natural and vivid art style, which plays a finishing role in the traditional residential courtyard environment. North China is the exchange center of Central Plains, Inner Mongolia, northeast regions, northwest regions and other regions. Because of its unique geographical location and multicultural exchange,North China formed special screen wall art characteristic style which are quite different from South China, especially in material apply, composition characteristics, decoration style and decoration theme. This paper analyzes the screen wall art characteristics of traditional residential courtyard in North China, based on the literature review and field investigation of North China’s courtyard-house screenwallwhich isrepresentedby Beijing,Tianjin,Hebei,and Shanxi. Taking the