动物病理学课件 4-3-第4章炎症第4节27.ppt

血行蔓延 菌血症 (becteremia)：细菌入血,无全身中毒症状 毒血症 (toximia) ：细菌的毒性产物或毒素入血 败血症 (septicemia) ：细菌入血后大量繁殖，产 生毒素，引起全身中毒症状和病理变化 脓毒败血症 (pyemia)：化脓菌引起的败血症， 可见栓塞性脓肿（embolic abscess） 。 Outcomes (1) Healing (2) Delay and Persistence (3) Spread ①Direct ② Lymphatic: Lymphangitis progressing to acute lymphadenitis. 1、 Significances (1) Inflammation is fundamentally a protective response whose ultimate goal is torid the organism of both the initial cause of cell injury and the consequences of such injury, the necrotic cells and tissues. (2) Inflammatory response is closely intertwined with the process of repair. (3)The inflammatory response occurs in the vascularized connective tissue. (4) Inflammatory response of both vascular and cellular responses are mediated by inflammatory mediators chemical factors derived from plasma or cells and triggered by the inflammatory stimulus. (5) However, inflammatory responses are not perfect that may be potentially harmful. 2、 Aspects of inflammation (1) Many systemic and local host factors influence the adequacy of the inflammatory- reparative response. ① Nutrion condition ② Immune condition ③ Endocrine condition ④ Characteristics of inflammatory organ or tissue * 复习题 名词解释： 1．炎症 2．渗出3．炎性浸润4．炎症介质5．假膜性炎 6．化脓性炎7．出血性炎8．卡他性炎 9.炎症介质 10。炎症细胞 问答题 1．简述渗出液在防御中的作用？ 2．叙述炎症细胞种类、特点与功能？ 3．简述炎性浸润的四个过程及其主要改变？ 4．试述渗出性炎的类型及病变特征？ 5．试述重要炎症介质的种类及其在炎症过程中的作用？ * * * * * * * 急性化脓性肺炎-广泛的中性粒细胞渗出，脓肿区正常组织被破坏。 the extensive neutrophilic exudate of an acute abscessing pneumonia is seen here. Normal tissues are destroyed in the region of the abscess. 化脓性脑膜炎 Neutrophils Diffusely Infiltrate Interstitial Tissue 组织间隙 猪布病化脓性子宫内膜炎 * 慢性子宫内膜炎 浆细胞 淋巴细胞 4．出血性炎症（hemorrhagic inflammation） 炎症时，由于血管壁损伤严重，渗出物中含有大量红细胞，称为出血性炎. 常由毒性较强的病原体，如炭疽杆菌、钩端螺旋体等引起，见于流行性出血热、炭疽、钩端螺旋体病。 出血性炎常和其他类型炎症混合出现，如浆液性出血炎或纤维素性出血性炎等。 * 新城疫　盲肠扁桃体出血、回肠粘膜出血坏死 * 新城疫　腺胃乳头出血、肠枣核形出血、坏死 * 肾出血 * 肠出血 * 传染性喉气管炎　喉头气管出血、坏死， 积干酪样渗出物 5、卡他性炎（catar