高中-英语-人教版-高中英语必修二第三单元-Grammar（共29张PPT）.pptVIP

2. Every possible means ___ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. A. is used B. are used C. has been used D. have been used Grammar The Present Perfect Passive Voice 3. Learning about passive voice—an overview 4. Understanding the structure of the present perfect passive voice The structure of the present perfect passive voice is: have/ has ＋ been＋~ed Learning about passive voice—an overview Tense or Model Passive Sentence Simple Present The TOEFL exam is given every six months. Simple past The TOEFL exam was given last month. Simple Future The TOEFL exam will be given every year. Tense or Model Passive Sentence Present Continuous The TOEFL exam is being given every year. Present perfect The TOEFL exam has been given every year since 1950. Past perfect The TOEFL exam had been given before the Vietnam War occurred. 现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响。 现在完成时的被动语态 Understanding the structure of the present perfect passive voice The structure of the present perfect passive voice is: have / has ＋ been＋~ed 注意: 副词的位置 often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have / has和been中间。如: [误] Such a man has been hardly believed. [正] Such a man has hardly been believed. 2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态 1) happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如： [误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978. [正] Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 2) open, break, drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。 3. 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词。如： The patients have been taken good care of. 4. 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思， 则需改换动词或时态。如： My brother has had (不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. How long has this book been bought? How long ago was this book bought? (1) 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2) 把谓语变成被动结构 (be＋过去分词) 　 (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动