宾语从句总结(1).docxVIP

宾语从句总结 一，引导词 由 that引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如 say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel 等动词后。连词 that 只起连接作用， 在从句中不做句子的成分， 也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略， 但在绝大部分情况下还是以 不省为好，特别是在笔语中。 例：I told him that he was wrong. l在think,believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中， 有时谓语即使是否定意义， 却 不用否定形式，而将 think等动词变为否定形式。 例：I don think you are right.（我认为你做的不对） l在很多带有复合宾语的句子中， that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用 it做形 式宾语。 例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone （我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的 ）| 由连词if、whether引导的表示 是否…的宾语从句。Whether#在从句中不做句子的成 分，一般情况下， whether和if能够替换。 例: I don know if/whether he will come tomorrow. The teacher asked if/whether we had fini shed the experime nt. l在介词后面的宾语从句中不用 if引导 例: Everyth ing depe nds on whether we have eno ugh money。 l兵语从句中有or not时不用if引导. 例: I don know whether the movie star will come or not. l和不定式连用作宾语时不用 if引导. 例: Whether to go there or not hasn been decided. 由 wh-引导 的宾语从句。连接代词 who,whom,whose, what, which,和连 接副词 whe n, where, why, how等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当 句子的成分。」 例: Do you know which film they are talking about? （which 做定语） I don know where he lives. （where 做地点状语 ） 二，宾语从句的语序， 宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序，既连接词 +主语+谓语+其他成分 例: I believe that they will come soon. He asked me whether I was a teacher. They wan ted to know what they can do for us. 二，宾语从句的时态。 宾语从句的时态受主句的限制， 既：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。 主句是一般过去时态，从句用相对应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前， 则 从句要用过去完成时态。 例： 1） She says that she is a stude nt. She said that she was a stude nt. 2） She says that she will fly to Japa n in a week. She said that she would fly to Japa n in a week. She says that she has fini shed her homework already. She said that she had fini shed her homework already. | She says that she can sing a song in En glish. She said that she could sing a song in En glish. | l如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。 例: The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun He told me that Japa n is an isla nd coun try. lCould you tell me ??是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。 例: Could you tell me when we will visit the Histury Museum? 注意事项：］ u由陈述