不同描述范式下认知能力及相关因素对跨期决策的影响.pdfVIP

不同描述范式下认知能力及相关因素对跨 期决策的影响 夏桂梅，李宏汀** 5 （浙江理工大学心理学系，杭州，310018 ） 摘要：目的:探讨认知能力及相关因素对跨期决策的影响。方法:对被试施测跨期决策问卷和 认知反应测试，并比较不同认知能力水平个体的延迟折扣差异。结果表明： （1）以认知反 应测试为基础的认知能力和个体学业绩效、认知需求之间存在显著正相关。（2）无论是日 10 期还是延迟的时间描述方式：在收益条件下，高认知者比低认知者未来收益的折扣率更低， 更有耐心；而损失条件下，高、低认知者之间延迟折扣率的差异都不显著。 （3）在延迟描 述方式收益条件下，延迟时间为1 个月时，高、低认知能力者的延迟折扣率差异并不显著； 但在6 个月、12 个月和36 个月的延迟时间点上，高认知者的延迟折扣率显著低于低认知者。 但在日期模式收益条件下，表现出高认知者的延迟折扣率显著低于低认知者，且不随延迟时 15 间的变化而变化。结论：相对于低认知者，高认知者可能具有更低的延迟折扣，但这一结果 会受到决策框架、延迟时间和时间描述范式等因素的影响。 关键词：认知能力；认知反应测试；跨期决策；延迟折扣 中图分类号：B842 20 The Effects of Cognitive Ability and Other Related Factors on Intertemporal Choice in Different Description paradigm XIA Guimei, LI Hongting (Psychology Department,Zhejiang Sci-tech University,Hangzhou 310018) Abstract: Objective: The objective of this study is to explore the effects of cognitive ability and 25 other related factors on intertemporal choice. Methods: Subjects finished the intertemporal choice questions and cognitive reflection test(CRT). Then we compared the delay discounting rate between the low cognitive group and the high cognitive group. Result:(1) CRT was significantly and positively correlated with other measures of cognitive ability or cognitive style, including the Need For Cognitive scale and self-reported college entrance examination scores.(2) In gain 30 situation, there were significant differences in delay discounting rates between high and low cognitive groups. People with higher cognitive reflection scores had lower delay discounting and were more patient than people with low cognitive reflection scores. In loss situation, there were no sig