浅析在海洋中尺度涡响应 气的进程-大气科学论文-物理论文.docxVIP

浅析在海洋中尺度涡响应 气的进程-大气科学论文-物理论文 ——文章均为WORD文档，下载后可直接编辑使用亦可打印—— 　　摘要：海洋中尺度涡广泛分布于全球海洋且能对大气造成显著影响。在全面陈述大气边界层和局地环流对中尺度涡响应的基础上, 论述了与其相应的物理机制, 并系统介绍了有关中尺度涡对天气系统影响的最新研究进展。 (1) 中尺度涡引起的海表温度异常通过改变湍流热通量来引起洋面风速、散度以及云量和降水的异常, 并在垂直方向上产生异常的次级环流。并且, 大气对中尺度涡的响应有明显的区域和季节差异。 (2) 在南海、黑潮延伸区和南大洋, 中尺度涡可分别通过改变海表面气压或大气边界层稳定度来影响其上的洋面风速。通过分析大气异常中心与中尺度涡的位相关系并配合动力诊断可区分这2种机制。 (3) 中尺度涡能改变大气中的能量转换从而影响风暴路径和急流位置, 并能通过遥相关影响下游地区的天气型。此外, 中尺度涡所造成的海洋上层温度变化还将对热带气旋的增强和维持起重要作用。 　　关键词：海洋中尺度涡; 海气相互作用; 天气系统; 　　Abstract：As one of the most important mesoscale ocean features, the mesoscale eddies are omnipresent and have significant impact on the overlying atmosphere. Based on the comprehensive review of the influence of mesoscale eddies on the atmospheric boundary layer and the local circulation, the corresponding physical mechanisms and their impacts on weather systems were presented systematically. (1) Eddy-induced SST anomalies may modify the surface wind speed, horizontal divergence, cloud and precipitation through turbulence heat flux anomalies. Meanwhile, additional secondary circulations arise over the eddies. What is more, there are obvious regional and seasonal differences for atmospheric responses. (2) Studies in the South China Sea, the Kuroshio Extension region and the Southern Ocean indicate that atmospheric responses to mesoscale eddies can be explained by the changes of sea level pressure or the vertical momentum transport. These two mechanisms can be distinguished by the phase relationship between the atmospheric anomaly center and the eddy core. Diagnosis on the inner dynamical processes may draw better conclusions. (3) The energy conversions are affected by mesoscale eddies, which may affect storm tracks and jet streams, and finally result in distant influences on weather patterns. Moreover, sea temperature anomalies from sea surface to the thermocline associated with mesoscale eddies have significant impacts on the intensification and the maintenance of tropical cyclones. 　　Keyword：Oce