高中英语必修四unit2_Working_the_land_语法_ing作主语和宾语(含习题答案).docVIP

PAGE PAGE 5 BOOK4 Unit 2 Working the land The –ing form as the Subject and Object -ing形式作主语与宾语 一、基本形式 -ing形式 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 1. I hate talking with such people. 我讨厌与这样的人说话。 2. He denied having taken any money from the cash register. 他否认从现金出纳机里拿了钱。 3. I don’t like being laughed at in public. 在公共场合下，我不喜欢被别人嘲笑。 4. I am very pleased at your having been honored with a medal. 我很高兴你能获得奖牌。 【注意】：动名词的否定式：not + V-ing I regret not being able to help you. 我很抱歉不能帮助你。 二、基本用法 1．作主语 ★ 1） 直接位于句首做主语 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。 Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffering. 在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。 【注意】：单个的动词ing形式做主语时，谓语动词为单数 ★ 2）用 it 作形式主语，把-ing形式 (真实主语) 置于句尾作后置主语。 It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。 It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 【注意】：It is + no use/no good/ a waste of time… + v-ing It is useless/senseless/fun/enjoyable/tiring//foolish/nice/ a pleasure… + v-ing 3） 用于“There be”结构中。 There is no saying when hell come.很难说他何时回来。 There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。 There is no holding back the wheel of history. 历史的车轮不可阻挡。 【注意】：常用句型：There is no + v.ing = It is impossible to do …在“There be”句型中，只能用动名词，而不能用不定式作主语。 4） 用于布告形式的省略结构中。 No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ). 禁止吸烟。 No parking. 禁止停车。 2. 作宾语 1）作动词的宾语 ★ 某些动词后只能用动词-ing形式作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：advise, suggest, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, delay, practise, resist, postpone(推迟)，deny(否认), appreciate (欣赏，感激), escape, excuse, pardon, put off, give up等。 Would you mind opening the window? 把窗户打开好吗？ She suggested going to the Great Wall for the spring outing. 她建议去长城春游。 Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations. 每当马克违反交通规则时，他常常企图逃避罚款的